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Cognitive Reserve in Aging

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M. Tucker, A., Stern, Y.·2011·Current Alzheimer Research

DOI 10.2174/156720511795745320PMC PMC3135666

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Abstract

Cognitive reserve explains why those with higher IQ, education, occupational attainment, or participation in leisure activities evidence less severe clinical or cognitive changes in the presence of age-related or Alzheimer's disease pathology. Specifically, the cognitive reserve hypothesis is that individual differences in how tasks are processed provide reserve against brain pathology. Cognitive reserve may allow for more flexible strategy usage, an ability thought to be captured by executive functions tasks. Additionally, cognitive reserve allows individuals greater neural efficiency, greater neural capacity, and the ability for compensation via the recruitment of additional brain regions. Taking cognitive reserve into account may allow for earlier detection and better characterization of age-related cognitive changes and Alzheimer's disease. Importantly, cognitive reserve is not fixed but continues to evolve across the lifespan. Thus, even late-stage interventions hold promise to boost cognitive reserve and thus reduce the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other age-related problems.

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Authors: M. Tucker, A., & Stern, Y.
Affiliations: Columbia University (US)
ORCID: Stern, Y.
Venue: Current Alzheimer Research
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Published: 2011-06-01
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Pages: 354-360
ISSN: 1567-2050 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2174/156720511795745320
PMC: PMC3135666
OpenAlex: W2155397742
Cited by: 561
References: 84
Citations by year: 2026: 25 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 18.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Current Alzheimer Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Aging (R01AG026158, Z01AG000261, T32AG00261, T32AG000261)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Historical and Modern Theater Studies
Keywords: cognitive reserve, cognitive aging, Alzheimer's disease, executive function, neural efficiency, educational attainment, leisure, age-related cognitive decline
MeSH terms: Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Brain, Humans, Individuality, Leisure Activities, Cognitive Reserve, Neuroimaging

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