Older Adults’ Experiences With Using Technology for Socialization During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Survey Study
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Abstract
Background: Technology use has become the most critical approach to maintaining social connectedness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults (aged >65 years) are perceived as the most physiologically susceptible population to developing COVID-19 and are at risk of secondary mental health challenges related to the social isolation that has been imposed by virus containment strategies. To mitigate concerns regarding sampling bias, we analyzed a random sample of older adults to understand the uptake and acceptance of technologies that support socialization during the pandemic. Objective: We aimed to conduct a population-based assessment of the barriers and facilitators to engaging in the use of technology for web-based socialization among older adults in the Canadian province of British Columbia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based, regionally representative survey by using the random-digit dialing method to reach participants aged >65 years who live in British Columbia. Data were analyzed using SPSS (IBM Corporation), and open-text responses were analyzed via thematic analysis. Results: Respondents included 400 older adults aged an average of 72 years, and 63.7% (n=255) of respondents were female. Most respondents (n=358, 89.5%) were aware of how to use technology to connect with others, and slightly more than half of the respondents (n=224, 56%) reported that, since the beginning of the pandemic, they used technology differently to connect with others during the pandemic. Additionally, 55.9% (n=223) of respondents reported that they adopted new technology since the beginning of the pandemic. Older adults reported the following key barriers to using technology: (1) a lack of access (including finance-, knowledge-, and age-related issues); (2) a lack of interest (including a preference for telephones and a general lack of interest in computers); and (3) physical barriers (resultant of cognitive impairments, stroke, and arthritis). Older adults also reported the following facilitators: (1) a knowledge of technologies (from self-teaching or external courses); (2) reliance on others (family, friends, and general internet searches); (3) technology accessibility (including appropriate environments, user-friendly technology, and clear instructions); and (4) social motivation (everyone else is doing it). Conclusions: Much data on older adults’ use of technology are limited by sampling biases, but this study, which used a random sampling method, demonstrated that older adults used technology to mitigate social isolation during the pandemic. Web-based socialization is the most promising method for mitigating potential mental health effects that are related to virus containment strategies. Providing telephone training; creating task lists; and implementing the facilitators described by participants, such as facilitated socialization activities, are important strategies for addressing barriers, and these strategies can be implemented during and beyond the pandemic to bolster the mental health needs of older adults.
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Studies have pointed out the limited use of VAs by older adults due to usability barriers, cultural gaps, lack of explainability, and flexibility.
“studies have also pointed out the limited use of these VAs by older adults due to usability barriers, cultural gaps, lack of explainability, and flexibility [18,44,49,108,131]”
From Talk2Care: An LLM-based Voice Assistant for Communication between Healthcare Providers and Older Adults (2024) · cites this paper as [44]
The Results (Facilitators to Web-Based Socialization; page unavailable) link older adults’ willingness to use socialization technology to its user-friendliness and report requests for clearer instructions. The paper concerns technology such as Zoom, not virtual assistants; our copy does not establish limited VA use or identify cultural gaps, lack of explainability, or lack of flexibility as its causes. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Haase, K. R., Cosco, T., Kervin, L., Riadi, I., & O'Connell, M. E.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Haase, Kristen R
- Venue
- JMIR Aging
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2021-04-23
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e28010
- ISSN
- 2561-7605 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8074950
- OpenAlex
- W3136464327
- Cited by
- 229
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 66 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 5
- FWCI
- 67.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- JMIR Aging (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Ministry of Health, British Columbia
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (COVID-19)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Demography › Technology Use by Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Keywords
- older adults, technology adoption, socialization, social isolation, COVID-19 pandemic, barriers and facilitators, technology accessibility, social connectedness, British Columbia, random digit dialing, cognitive impairment, stroke, arthritis, social motivation, user-friendly technology, mental health, aging in place, long-term care
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