Smartphone-Enabled Health Coach Intervention for People With Diabetes From a Modest Socioeconomic Strata Community: Single-Arm Longitudinal Feasibility Study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Lower socioeconomic strata (SES) populations have higher chronic disease risks. Smartphone-based interventions can support adoption of health behaviors that may, in turn, reduce the risks of type 2 diabetes-related complications, overcoming the obstacles that some patients may have with regular clinical contact (eg, shiftwork, travel difficulties, miscommunication). OBJECTIVE: The intent of the study was to develop and test a smartphone-assisted intervention that improves behavioral management of type 2 diabetes in an ethnically diverse, lower SES population within an urban community health setting. METHODS: This single-arm pilot study assessed a smartphone application developed with investigator assistance and delivered by health coaches. Participants were recruited from the Black Creek Community Health Centre in Toronto and had minimal prior experience with smartphones. RESULTS: A total of 21 subjects consented and 19 participants completed the 6-month trial; 12 had baseline glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels >7.0% and these subjects demonstrated a mean reduction of 0.43% (SD 0.63) (P<.05) with minimal changes in medication. CONCLUSIONS: This project supported the feasibility of smartphone-based health coaching for individuals from lower SES with minimal prior smartphone experience.
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Our experiences with navigation coaching include assisting patients with type 2 diabetes to reduce hemoglobin A1c blood levels and assisting individuals in undertaking colorectal cancer screening.
“Our experiences with navigation coaching include assisting patients with type 2 diabetes to reduce hemoglobin A1c blood levels [18-20] and assisting individuals in undertaking colorectal cancer screening [25].”
From Online Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Youth With Major Depressive Disorders: Randomized Controlled Trial. (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
Past successes with text messaging-assisted interventions (with critical medical outcomes) further influenced the emphasis on text messaging between navigator coaches and patients.
“Past successes with text messaging–assisted interventions (with critical medical outcomes) [18-20] further influenced the emphasis on text messaging between navigator coaches and patients.”
From Online Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Youth With Major Depressive Disorders: Randomized Controlled Trial. (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
Online CBT-M research with student and adult populations has yielded psychometric and neurophysiological benefits in single-arm and randomized controlled trials.
“Online CBT-M research with student and adult populations has yielded psychometric and neurophysiological [10-20] benefits in single-arm and randomized controlled trials (RCTs).”
From Online Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Youth With Major Depressive Disorders: Randomized Controlled Trial. (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
The Methods (Study Design; page unavailable) describe a single-arm smartphone health-coaching study in people with diabetes, not online CBT-M research in student and adult populations. The Introduction (Background; page unavailable) mentions cognitive behavioral therapy as one framework health coaches use, while the Discussion (Limitations; page unavailable) says an RCT was still underway. Searches for CBT-M, student populations, and psychometric or neurophysiological benefits found no passage addressing the attributed claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Wayne, N., & Ritvo, P.
- Affiliations
- York University (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Ritvo, Paul
- Venue
- Journal of Medical Internet Research
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2014-06-06
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e149
- ISSN
- 1438-8871 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4071226
- OpenAlex
- W2053446715
- Cited by
- 90
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 20.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Medical Internet Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Mitacs
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, smartphone-based intervention, health coaching, low socioeconomic status, diabetes self-management, HbA1c, feasibility, mobile health, health behavior change
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Feasibility Studies, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Social Class, Health Behavior, Telemedicine, Electronic Mail, Cell Phone
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