Effects of Patient-Driven Lifestyle Modification Using Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the Randomized Open-label PDF Study
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of patient-driven lifestyle modification using intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a 12-week, open-label, randomized controlled trial. A total of 126 participants were 1:1 randomized to either the intervention group (structured education + isCGM) or the control group (standard care with blood glucose monitoring). The Self-Evaluation Of Unhealthy foods by Looking at postprandial glucose (SEOUL) algorithm was developed and applied to aid structured education in guiding patients to follow healthy eating behavior depending on the postprandial glycemic response. The primary end point was the change in HbA1c level from baseline. RESULTS: Implementation of the SEOUL algorithm with isCGM was associated with greater improvement in HbA1c than with standard care (risk-adjusted difference −0.50%, 95% CI −0.74 to −0.26, P < 0.001). Participants in the intervention group had a greater reduction in fasting blood glucose and body weight (−16.5 mg/dL, 95% CI −30.0 to −3.0, P = 0.017; −1.5 kg, 95% CI −2.7 to −0.3, P = 0.013, respectively). The score sum for the Korean version of the revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire increased in both groups but to a greater extent in the intervention group (mean difference 4.8, 95% CI 1.7–8.0, P = 0.003). No severe hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia was reported in either group of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Patient-driven lifestyle modification primarily focused on eating behavior using isCGM effectively lowered HbA1c levels in patients with T2D.
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Greater engagement with data provided by continuous glucose monitoring correlates with improved glycaemic metrics.
“Greater engagement with data provided by continuous glucose monitoring correlates with improved glycaemic metrics.20-22”
From Blood glucose monitoring devices: current considerations (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
Using continuous glucose monitoring with self-evaluation improves glycaemic metrics.
“Using continuous glucose monitoring with self-evaluation improves glycaemic metrics.22”
From Blood glucose monitoring devices: current considerations (2023) · cites this paper as [22]
isCGM has been positively linked with the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire (SDSCA-K).
“Furthermore, rtCGM has been associated with improvements in the medication effect score (MES) and the Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) 50 while isCGM has been positively linked with the Summary of Diabetes Self‐Care Activities Questionnaire (SDSCA‐K). 28 , 30”
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- Authors
- Choe, H. J., Rhee, E.-J., Won, J. C., Park, K. S., Lee, W.-Y., & Cho, Y. M.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Kangbuk Samsung Hospital (KR)
- Inje University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Cho, Young Min
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2022-08-19
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2224-2230
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC9862445
- OpenAlex
- W4292367308
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 9.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Daewoong Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring, dietary habits, postprandial glycemic response, HbA1c, glycemic control, diabetes self-care, weight loss, fasting blood glucose
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Life Style, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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