Insulin Action and Glucose Metabolism in Nondiabetic Control and NIDDM Subjects: Comparison Using Human Skeletal Muscle Cell Cultures

Henry, Robert R; Abrams, Leslie; Nikoulina, Svetlana; Ciaraldi, Theodore P

doi:10.2337/diab.44.8.936

Cited by 233Metabolism, Diabetes, and CancerDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsGrowth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors

Insulin Action and Glucose Metabolism in Nondiabetic Control and NIDDM Subjects: Comparison Using Human Skeletal Muscle Cell Cultures

Henry, Robert R, Abrams, Leslie, Nikoulina, Svetlana, Ciaraldi, Theodore P·1995·Diabetes

DOI 10.2337/diab.44.8.936

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Abstract

Myoblasts from human skeletal muscle were isolated from needle biopsy samples of vastus lateralis and fused to differentiated multinucleated myotubes. Specific high-affinity insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) binding, glucose transporter proteins GLUT1 and GLUT4, glycogen synthase and pyruvate dehydrogenase proteins, and their specific mRNAs were identified in fused myotubes. Insulin and IGF-I stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake twofold with half-maximal stimulation by insulin at 0.98 ± 0.12 nmol/l and maximal stimulation at 17.5 nmol/l. Acute insulin treatment (33 nmol/1) doubled glycogen synthase activity and glucose incorporation into glycogen while increasing pyruvate dehydrogenase ∼30%. In cells cultured from NIDDM subjects, both basal (6.9 ± 1.0 vs. 13.0 ± 1.7 pmol · mg protein−1 · min−1) and acute insulin-stimulated transport (13.5 ± 2.0 vs. 22.4 ± 1.3 pmol · mg protein−1 · min–1) were significantly reduced compared with nondiabetic control subjects (both P ≤ 0.005). GLUT1 protein content of total membranes from NIDDM subjects was decreased compared with control subjects, while GLUT4 levels were similar between groups. A significant correlation (r = 0.65, P ≤ 0.05) was present when maximal rates of insulin-stimulated glucose transport in cell culture from subjects were compared with their corresponding in vivo glucose disposal determined by hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp. In summary, differentiated human skeletal muscle cultures exhibit biochemical and molecular features of insulin-stimulated glucose transport and intracellular enzyme activity comparable with the in vivo situation. Defective insulin-stimulated glucose transport persists in muscle cultures from NIDDM subjects and resembles the reduced insulin-mediated glucose uptake present in vivo. We conclude that this technique provides a relevant cellular model to study insulin action and glucose metabolism in normal subjects and determine the mechanisms of insulin resistance in NIDDM.

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In culture, muscle cells taken from insulin-resistant people stay insulin resistant.
“Muscle cells from insulin-resistant individuals remain insulin resistant in vitro (39-42)”
From Dynamic changes in fat oxidation in human primary myocytes mirror metabolic characteristics of the donor (2005) · cites this paper as [40]

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Authors: Henry, R. R., Abrams, L., Nikoulina, S., & Ciaraldi, T. P.
Affiliations: Veterans Affairs Medical Center San Diego, California
University of California San Diego (US)
ORCID: Henry, Robert R
Ciaraldi, Theodore P
Venue: Diabetes
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 1995-08-01
Volume: 44
Issue: 8
Pages: 936-946
ISSN: 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
1939-327X
DOI: 10.2337/diab.44.8.936
OpenAlex: W2037408603
Cited by: 233
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 1.35
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Diabetes (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r29dk038949-05)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 38949)
National Center for Research Resources (MO1 RR00827, M01RR000827)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
Keywords: insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, skeletal muscle, insulin-stimulated glucose transport, GLUT1, GLUT4, glycogen synthase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, insulin-like growth factor I, myotubes, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, insulin signaling, glucose metabolism
MeSH terms: Adult, Biological Transport, Biopsy, Needle, Cell Fusion, Cells, Cultured, Creatine Kinase, Deoxyglucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glucose, Glycogen, Glycogen Synthase, Glycolysis, Humans, Insulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Middle Aged, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex, Receptor, Insulin, Reference Values, Receptor, IGF Type 1, Muscle, Skeletal

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Insulin Action and Glucose Metabolism in Nondiabetic Control and NIDDM Subjects: Comparison Using Human Skeletal Muscle Cell Cultures

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