Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Pathways in Inflammation and Origin of Obesity and Diabetes
Abstract
Metabolic and immune systems are the most fundamental requirements for survival, and many metabolic and immune response pathways or nutrient- and pathogen-sensing systems have been evolutionarily highly conserved. Consequently, metabolic and immune pathways are also highly integrated and interdependent. In the past decade, it became apparent that this interface plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic metabolic diseases, particularly obesity and type 2 diabetes. Importantly, the inflammatory component in obesity and diabetes is now firmly established with the discovery of causal links between inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and insulin receptor signaling and the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms, such as c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)- and inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappaB kinase-mediated transcriptional and posttranslational modifications that inhibit insulin action. More recently, obesity-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress has been demonstrated to underlie the initiation of obesity-induced JNK activation, inflammatory responses, and generation of peripheral insulin resistance. This article will review the link between stress, inflammation, and metabolic disease, particularly type 2 diabetes, and discuss the mechanistic and therapeutic opportunities that emerge from this platform by focusing on JNK and endoplasmic reticulum stress responses.
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Inflammatory pathways might also be activated in response to endoplasmic-reticulum stress.
“Inflammatory pathways might also be activated in response to endoplasmic-reticulum stress.118”
From Lipid-induced insulin resistance: unravelling the mechanism (2010) · cites this paper as [118]
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- Authors
- Hotamisligil, G. S.
- Affiliations
- From the Departments of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2005-12-01
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- suppl_2
- Pages
- S73-S78
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W2022420894
- Cited by
- 352
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 3.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- endoplasmic reticulum stress, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, inflammation, obesity, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, TNF-α, insulin receptor signaling, IκB kinase, metabolic inflammation, chronic metabolic diseases
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Secretion, Diabetes Mellitus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin, Models, Biological, Obesity, Stress, Physiological, JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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