A Pilot Study of the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE—To determine whether the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) (MiniMed, Sylmar, CA) could be used to make clinical decisions and whether it has an impact on glycemia in pediatric type 1 diabetic subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Pediatric subjects were recruited if they had HbA1c >8.0% with management problems (n = 35) or episodes of severe or nocturnal hypoglycemia or hypoglycemia unawareness associated with HbA1c ≤8.0% (n = 12). A total of 47 patients with a mean HbA1c value of 8.6 ± 1.6% (mean age 11.8 ± 4.6 years, youngest 2.7 years, and diabetes duration 5.5 ± 3.5 years) on three to four insulin injections/day (n = 24) or insulin pump therapy (n = 23) were followed with the CGMS for a mean of 69.5 ± 28 h. Comparisons were made between the number of high (>150 mg/dl) and low (<70 mg/dl) glucose patterns discerned with the sensor or the logbook, and HbA1c levels were evaluated. RESULTS—In patients on injection therapy, 30 high or low glucose patterns were discerned with the logbook records and 120 patterns with the CGMS. Specific alterations of the diabetes regimen were made. An overall significant change in HbA1c, from 3 months before wearing the sensor to 6 months after (analysis of variance 0.04), was found in the subjects. Post hoc analysis showed a significant change in HbA1c from 8.6 ± 1.5% at baseline to 8.4 ± 1.3% at 3 months (paired Student’s t test 0.03). CONCLUSIONS—The CGMS can be used by pediatric patients to detect abnormal patterns of glycemia. The information that was obtained could be used to alter the diabetes regimen and impact glycemic outcome.
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The continuous glucose monitoring system was validated against plasma glucose.
“The Medtronic Guardian® REAL-Time has been validated against plasma glucose [49] and is widely used in clinical settings [50], [51].”
From Impact of Five Nights of Sleep Restriction on Glucose Metabolism, Leptin and Testosterone in Young Adult Men (2012) · cites this paper as [50]
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“The Medtronic GuardianH REAL-Time has been validated against plasma glucose [49] and is widely used in clinical settings [50,51].”
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- Authors
- Kaufman, F. R., Gibson, L. C., Halvorson, M., Carpenter, S., Fisher, L. K., & Pitukcheewanont, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2001-12-01
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2030-2034
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2153484029
- Cited by
- 224
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 12.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Eli Lilly and Company
- Pfizer
- Novo Nordisk
- Genentech
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Keywords
- continuous glucose monitoring, type 1 diabetes in children, glycemic control, HbA1c, hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia unawareness, insulin pump therapy, insulin injection therapy, diabetes management
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Injections, Insulin, Insulin Infusion Systems, Male, Pilot Projects, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
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