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Blockchains everywhere - a use-case of blockchains in the pharma supply-chain
Abstract
Blockchains are on the top of the Gartner Hype Cycle 2016 and many start-ups are integrating blockchains into their technology portfolio. While blockchains have emerged in the context of financial applications, non-financial application areas are of interest as well. In this paper, modum.io is presented, a start-up that uses IoT (Internet of Things) sensor devices leveraging blockchain technology to assert data immutability and public accessibility of temperature records, while reducing operational costs in the pharmaceutical supply-chain. The medical industry has many complex and strict environmental control process (e.g., temperature and humidity) to ensure quality control and regulatory compliance over the transport of medical products. The sensor devices monitor the temperature of each parcel during the shipment to fully ensure GDP regulations. All data is transferred to the blockchain where a smart contract assesses against the product attributes. As modum.io is not the only non-financial start-up working with blockchains, a list of areas and other start-ups is provided that aim to reduce bureaucracy, distribute the infrastructure, and saving costs using blockchains.
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“From the data in Tables 567, other important possible objectives, achievable through the adoption of the blockchain technology, can be highlighted: regulatory compliance in pharmaceutical supply chains [78], right supply-demand matching in agricultural supply chains [81], and alignment of information sharing among supply chain actors [83].”
From A Review of Blockchain-Based Systems in Transportation (2019) · cites this paper as [78]
In the citing paper
“Some of them propose new platforms just at a concept level [45,51,52,75,77,83,84,88,89,91], some of them present proofs of their concepts [76,79,81], and only three of them present a real implementation based on real blockchains: [78,80,82].”
From A Review of Blockchain-Based Systems in Transportation (2019) · cites this paper as [78]
In the citing paper
“Papers [78,82] also propose real implementations, but based on existing blockchains: Ethereum [78] and Ethereum and Hyperledger [82].”
From A Review of Blockchain-Based Systems in Transportation (2019) · cites this paper as [78]
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“Ethereum”
From A Review of Blockchain-Based Systems in Transportation (2019) · cites this paper as [78]
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Blockchain-based Automated Formal Model for Smart Market System
Afzaal, M. F., Rehman, A., Latif, S., & Zafar, N. A. (2021) · International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST) · doi:10.1109/ibcast51254.2021.9393231 · Cited by 4
“For this purpose sensing technologies can be deployed and play an important role [13-14].”
BackgroundBlockchain and IoT-Based Diary Supply Chain Management System for Sri Lanka
Jayasena, K. P. N., & Madhunamali, P. M. N. R. (2021) · Advances in data mining and database management book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-6694-7.ch015 · Cited by 4
A Proposed Framework for Improving Supply Chain Management using Block Chain
Ghalwash, A. Z., Ouf, S. M., & Wassef, M. (2022) · International Journal of Computer Applications · doi:10.5120/ijca2022921893 · Cited by 3
Petri Net Modeling and Analysis of the Drug Traceability System Based on Blockchain
Li, Y., & Ruan, Q. (2021) · doi:10.1109/iccece51280.2021.9342402 · Cited by 3
Utilizing Policy Machine for Attribute-Based Access Control in Permissioned Blockchain
Lawal, S., & Krishnan, R. (2021) · IEEE International Conference on Omni-layer Intelligent Systems (COINS) · doi:10.1109/coins51742.2021.9524248 · Cited by 3
OO-LSTM: A trusted medical transfers prediction model with on-chain and off-chain data fusion
Kong, L., Song, X., Yin, Q., & Li, Q. (2021) · IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM) · doi:10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669657 · Cited by 3
Blockchain Technologies in Data Science: Challenges and Benefits
Laboso, P. K., Martin, A., & Thiyagarajan, P. (2023) · International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Data Communication Systems (ICSCDS) · doi:10.1109/icscds56580.2023.10104674 · Cited by 4
“Healthcare would be a classic multicenter case because no single facility has access to every piece of information [16].”
BackgroundPark, Y., Ahn, S. B., & Sohn, J. C. (2023) · The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics · doi:10.1016/j.ajsl.2023.06.001 · Cited by 3
“Bocek et al. (2017) addressed how blockchain can be applied to the pharmaceutical industry to ensure quality management and compliance with regulations on the transportation of pharmaceuticals.”
Message Authentication Scheme for ad hoc Networks with Homomorphic Hash Function
Matsunaga, S., & Adachi, N. (2019) · World Symposium on Communication Engineering (WSCE) · doi:10.1109/wsce49000.2019.9040951 · Cited by 3
“…such as Bitcoin[6] and ethereum[7], it is now applied to a wide variety of fields such as Smart City[8], machine learning[9] and logistics[10], [11] have been made[12] (cid:714) However, in the above-mentioned, since blockchain requires a large amount of computing resources and power to…”
BackgroundWhen Distributed Ledger Technology meets Internet of Things -- Benefits and ChallengesPreprint
Charalampidis, P., & Fragkiadakis, A. G. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2008.12569 · Cited by 4
“In [48], the authors design and implement an architecture for monitoring temperature conditions during the transport of medical products.”
Backgroundalshameri, M. S. S., Alotaibi, S. S., Almutairi, N. H., Bahari, N. G. M., Almutairi, A. Z., Alharbi, F. N., Almasad, M. N., Alqarni, Z. A., & Almazroa, M. N. (2022) · International Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.53730/ijhs.v6ns10.15027 · Cited by 2
“In 2018, a comparative study [31] suggested a system for collecting, storing, analyzing, and managing data in supply chains.”
BackgroundA Move Sui library for secure, certified and trusted supply chain ownership management
Giuffrida, S., Salim, S., Ullah, A., et al. (2025) · doi:10.1109/wetseb66605.2025.00013 · Cited by 2
“Thinking of a national delivery, the average duration of which is generally 3 working days, and assuming updating sensor data every 10 minutes [28], the total delivery cost would be Total Cost = .0070$ + .0021$ + .0021$ + .0064$ + .9072$ + .0021$ = .9269$.”
Secure Medical IoT Networks Using Blockchain and Post-Quantum Cryptography
Señor, J., Señor, J., & Portilla, J. (2025) · Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society · doi:10.1109/iecon58223.2025.11221070 · Cited by 2
“In logistics [1], it allows accurate real-time tracking of products; in healthcare [2], it ensures that medical data generated by smart devices are authentic and accessible to the right professionals; in the food industry [3], it guarantees transparency of product origin and conditions; and in…”
Autonomous nursing professional development framework using blockchain technology
Lin, C., Lin, Y., & Hsu, I. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-38750-x · Cited by 2
The Current State of Prescriptions and Potential Enhancements Using Blockchain
Babu, G. K., & Thiyagarajan, P. (2021) · International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT) · doi:10.1109/icccnt51525.2021.9579744 · Cited by 2
“In a similar context, Modum.io AG [20] applied blockchain in the pharmaceutical supply chain.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Bocek, T., Rodrigues, B. B., Strasser, T., & Stiller, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Venue
- 2017 IFIP/IEEE Symposium on Integrated Network and Service Management (IM)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2017-05
- Pages
- 772-777
- OpenAlex
- W2737252471
- Cited by
- 585
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 88 · 2022: 87 · 2021: 118 · 2020: 95 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 41.17
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM) (publishedVersion)
- Alexandria (UniSG) (University of St.Gallen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Supply Chain Traceability
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology in Education and Learning
- Keywords
- blockchain, pharmaceutical supply chain, IoT sensors, temperature monitoring, smart contracts, data immutability, good distribution practice, drug transport, startups, regulatory compliance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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