Truth or dare?–how can we influence the adoption of artificial intelligence in municipalities?
Open accessAbstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming an increasingly important factor of everyday life. The progress of AI adoption continues to accelerate with increasing investments in AI techniques and applications worldwide. However, the use of AI is still not present in employee’s daily life of German municipalities. Since this technology has a promising potential that German municipalities can also take advantage of, it is important to facilitate the transition of municipalities to AI. For this reason, we have conducted semi-structured expert interviews in twelve German municipalities to examine perceived challenges of AI adoption from employee’s perspective. Using methods from Grounded Theory and Gioia we extended research regarding the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. Our results proof six and identified four additional perceived challenges of AI adoption in municipalities. With these results, we are able to extend literature on the use of AI in the public sector introducing perceived challenges of AI adoption from employee’s perspective in municipalities extending the TOE Framework.
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The theme of an organisational culture incorporates innovative culture as more receptive to AI adoption and successful diffusion given these new technologies represent high risks and an experimentation attitude.
“The theme of an organisational culture incorporates innovative culture as more receptive to AI adoption and successful diffusion given these new technologies represent high risks and an experimentation attitude (Kuziemski & Misuraca, 2020;Schaefer et al., 2021;van Noordt & Misuraca, 2020a;van Noordt & Misuraca, 2020b;Zuiderwijk, Chen, & Salem, 2021).”
From AI adoption and diffusion in public administration: A systematic literature review and future research agenda (2023) · cites this paper as Schaefer et al., 2021
The Organizational innovativeness section (page unavailable) identifies openness to innovation and employees’ willingness to change as factors in AI adoption and implementation in municipalities. The Theoretical Background discusses diffusion generally, but the paper does not establish that an innovative culture produces successful diffusion or attribute its importance to high risks and an experimentation attitude. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPublic administration is under pressure to implement innovations when its shown to improve performance, save costs, and satisfy citizen demands for personalised and 24/7 services.
“Public administration is under pressure to implement innovations when its shown to improve performance, save costs, and satisfy citizen demands for personalised and 24/7 services (Schaefer et al., 2021;Wang et al., 2021).”
From AI adoption and diffusion in public administration: A systematic literature review and future research agenda (2023) · cites this paper as Schaefer et al., 2021
The Findings describe perceived benefits of municipal AI adoption, including potential cost savings, faster service, and more time to address citizens’ individual needs. The “Perceived pressure from society” section says demand for 24-hour digital services increases pressure to adopt AI. The paper discusses perceived or potential benefits of AI, rather than showing that innovations generally have improved performance and saved costs. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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- Authors
- Schaefer, C., Lemmer, K., Samy Kret, K., Ylinen, M., Mikalef, P., & Niehaves, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Siegen (DE)
- Tampere University (FI)
- SINTEF (NO)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
- Published
- 2021
- ISSN
- 1530-1605 (ISSN-L)
- 2572-6862
- OpenAlex
- W3126395564
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 69.31
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) (publishedVersion)
- ScholarSpace (University of Hawaii at Manoa) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Journal of the Association for Information Systems (submittedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › E-Government and Public Services
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Media Technology › Smart Cities and Technologies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence adoption, municipalities, local government, public sector AI, staff perspectives, perceived challenge, technology-organization-environment framework, German municipalities
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