The Single-Case Reporting Guideline In BEhavioural Interventions (SCRIBE) 2016 Statement
Open accessAbstract
We developed a reporting guideline to provide authors with guidance about what should be reported when writing a paper for publication in a scientific journal using a particular type of research design: the single-case experimental design. This report describes the methods used to develop the Single-Case Reporting guideline In BEhavioural interventions (SCRIBE) 2016. As a result of 2 online surveys and a 2-day meeting of experts, the SCRIBE 2016 checklist was developed, which is a set of 26 items that authors need to address when writing about single-case research. This article complements the more detailed SCRIBE 2016 Explanation and Elaboration article (Tate et al., 2016) that provides a rationale for each of the items and examples of adequate reporting from the literature. Both these resources will assist authors to prepare reports of single-case research with clarity, completeness, accuracy, and transparency. They will also provide journal reviewers and editors with a practical checklist against which such reports may be critically evaluated. We recommend that the SCRIBE 2016 is used by authors preparing manuscripts describing single-case research for publication, as well as journal reviewers and editors who are evaluating such manuscripts. Scientific Abstract: Reporting guidelines, such as the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Statement, improve the reporting of research in the medical literature (Turner et al., 2012). Many such guidelines exist and the CONSORT Extension to Nonpharmacological Trials (Boutron et al., 2008) provides suitable guidance for reporting between-groups intervention studies in the behavioral sciences. The CONSORT Extension for N-of-1 Trials (CENT 2015) was developed for multiple crossover trials with single individuals in the medical sciences (Shamseer et al., 2015; Vohra et al., 2015), but there is no reporting guideline in the CONSORT tradition for single-case research used in the behavioral sciences. We developed the Single-Case Reporting guideline In BEhavioural interventions (SCRIBE) 2016 to meet this need. This Statement article describes the methodology of the development of the SCRIBE 2016, along with the outcome of 2 Delphi surveys and a consensus meeting of experts. We present the resulting 26-item SCRIBE 2016 checklist. The article complements the more detailed SCRIBE 2016 Explanation and Elaboration article (Tate et al., 2016) that provides a rationale for each of the items and examples of adequate reporting from the literature. Both these resources will assist authors to prepare reports of single-case research with clarity, completeness, accuracy, and transparency. They will also provide journal reviewers and editors with a practical checklist against which such reports may be critically evaluated. Keywords: single-case design, methodology, reporting guidelines, publication standards Supplemental materials: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/arc0000026.supp
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A clear consensus to address missing data in SCEDs does not yet exist nor does it feature under the SCRIBE reporting guidelines or risk of bias tools for SCEDs.
“Moreover, a clear consensus to address missing data in SCEDs does not yet exist nor does it feature under the SCRIBE reporting guidelines or risk of bias tools for SCEDs [83,84,85,86].”
While adequately powered for SCED methodology and employing a relatively large number of participants and data points, the samples for studies 1 and 2 remain relatively small and homogenous (predominantly young adults and female).
“While adequately powered for SCED methodology and employing a relatively large number of participants and data points (many SCEDs include three or fewer participants and three datapoints per phase), the samples for studies 1 and 2 remain relatively small and homogenous (participants were predominantly young adults and female) [83,84].”
Results will be presented following the RoBiNT Scale and SCRIBE guideline.
“Results will be presented following the RoBiNT Scale and SCRIBE guideline.70”
From Development, evaluation and implementation of a digital behavioural health treatment for chronic pain: study protocol of the multiphase DAHLIA project (2022) · cites this paper as [70]
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- Authors
- Tate, R. L., Perdices, M., Rosenkoetter, U., Shadish, W., Vohra, S., Barlow, D. H., Horner, R., Kazdin, A., Kratochwill, T., McDonald, S., Sampson, M., Shamseer, L., Togher, L., Albin, R., Backman, C., Douglas, J., Evans, J. J., Gast, D., Manolov, R., Mitchell, G., Nickels, L., Nikles, J., Ownsworth, T., Rose, M., Schmid, C. H., & Wilson, B.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- University of California, Merced (US)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Boston University (US)
- University of Oregon (US)
- Yale University (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CA)
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- La Trobe University (AU)
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- University of Georgia (US)
- Universitat de Barcelona (ES)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Macquarie University (AU)
- Griffith University (AU)
- Brown University (US)
- B. Wilson, Department of Neuropsychology, Oliver Zangwill Centre, Ely, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.
- Corresponding author
- Tate, Robyn L.
- ORCID
- Tate, Robyn L.
- Perdices, Michael
- Vohra, Sunita
- Barlow, David H.
- Horner, Robert
- Kazdin, Alan
- McDonald, Skye
- Sampson, Margaret
- Shamseer, Larissa
- Togher, Leanne
- Backman, Catherine
- Douglas, Jacinta
- Evans, Jonathan J.
- Manolov, Rumen
- Mitchell, Geoffrey
- Nickels, Lyndsey
- Nikles, Jane
- Ownsworth, Tamara
- Rose, Miranda
- Schmid, Christopher H.
- Wilson, Barbara
- Venue
- Physical Therapy
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-07-01
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e1-e10
- ISSN
- 0031-9023 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-6724
- OpenAlex
- W2473881394
- Cited by
- 189
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 2.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Physical Therapy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OpenBU (Boston University) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychology Research and Bibliometrics
- Keywords
- single-case experimental design, reporting guidelines, behavioral interventions, research transparency, reporting checklist, CONSORT, N-of-1 trials, expert consensus, Delphi method, reporting quality, journal peer review
- MeSH terms
- Behavior Therapy, Delphi Technique, Humans, Research Design, Guidelines as Topic, Peer Review, Research, Checklist, Research Report
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