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Cited by 771Innovative Teaching and Learning MethodsProblem and Project Based LearningCollaborative Teaching and Inclusion

Cooperative Learning

Open access
Slavin, Robert E.·1980·Review of Educational Research
DOI 10.3102/00346543050002315
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Abstract

Research on classroom cooperative learning techniques, in which students work in small groups and receive rewards or recognition based on their group performance, has been increasing in the past few years. This review summarizes the results of 28 primary field projects lasting at least 2 weeks, in which cooperative learning methods were used in elementary or secondary classrooms. The pattern of research findings supports the utility of cooperative learning methods in general for increasing student achievement, positive race relations in desegregated schools, mutual concern among students, student self-esteem, and other positive outcomes. The various cooperative learning methods are contrasted in terms of characteristics and outcomes, and the next steps for research in this area are outlined.

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Crossref · 10.3102/00346543050002315

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33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Competition may be problematic if it occurs between learners with widely different skill levels because succeeding can be unattainable for learners with lower skill levels.

    “Competition may be problematic if it occurs between learners with widely different skill levels because succeeding can be unattainable for learners with lower skill levels (Slavin 1980;Werbach and Hunter 2012).”

    From The gamification of learning: a meta-analysis (2020) · cites this paper as Slavin 1980

  • Collaborative learning can be an effective strategy for promoting retention and problem solving.

    “Several meta-analyses have thus been carried out showing that collaborative learning can be an effective strategy for promoting retention and problem solving (e.g., Lou et al. 2001;Roseth et al. 2008;Slavin 1980;Springer et al. 1999).”

    From Making the Black Box of Collaborative Learning Transparent: Combining Process-Oriented and Cognitive Load Approaches (2010) · cites this paper as Slavin 1980

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Authors
Slavin, R. E.
Affiliations
Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
Slavin, Robert E.
ORCID
Slavin, Robert E.
Venue
Review of Educational Research
Publisher
American Educational Research Association (AERA)
Published
1980-06
Volume
50
Issue
2
Pages
315-342
ISSN
  • 0034-6543 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-1046
DOI
10.3102/00346543050002315
OpenAlex
W4254321627
Cited by
771
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 20
FWCI
19.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
Review of Educational Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
  • Social Sciences › Education › Problem and Project Based Learning
  • Social Sciences › Education › Collaborative Teaching and Inclusion
Keywords
cooperative learning, small group work, academic performance, race relations, student self-esteem, student concerns, classroom teaching

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