Experiential learning: AMEE Guide No. 63
Open accessAbstract
This Guide provides an overview of educational theory relevant to learning from experience. It considers experience gained in clinical workplaces from early medical student days through qualification to continuing professional development. Three key assumptions underpin the Guide: learning is 'situated'; it can be viewed either as an individual or a collective process; and the learning relevant to this Guide is triggered by authentic practice-based experiences. We first provide an overview of the guiding principles of experiential learning and significant historical contributions to its development as a theoretical perspective. We then discuss socio-cultural perspectives on experiential learning, highlighting their key tenets and drawing together common threads between theories. The second part of the Guide provides examples of learning from experience in practice to show how theoretical stances apply to clinical workplaces. Early experience, student clerkships and residency training are discussed in turn. We end with a summary of the current state of understanding.
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Clinical reasoning, situational awareness, and tacit professional knowledge are difficult to articulate in written form.
“Clinical reasoning, situational awareness, and tacit professional knowledge, which are central to clerkship learning [55], are difficult to articulate in written form [56] and largely inaccessible to AI systems that operate solely on the written log text.”
From AI-Generated Versus Human Supervisor Feedback on Medical Students’ Clinical Clerkship Logs: Cross-Sectional Convergent Mixed Methods Study (2026) · cites this paper as [56]
Experiential learning is relevant to medical education because it develops competences and practises skills in specific contexts.
“Its application in medical education is relevant because it focuses on developing competences and practising skills in specific context (behaviour in practice: Yardley et al. 2012).”
From Adult learning theories: Implications for learning and teaching in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 83 (2013) · cites this paper as Yardley et al. 2012
Learning and teaching approaches differ between bedside, operating room, emergency department and community settings.
“Learning and teaching approaches at the bedside are different from the operating room, emergency department or in the community (Durning & Artino 2011;Yardley et al. 2012).”
From Adult learning theories: Implications for learning and teaching in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 83 (2013) · cites this paper as Yardley et al. 2012
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- Authors
- Yardley, S., Teunissen, P. W., & Dornan, T.
- Affiliations
- Keele University (GB)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Yardley, Sarah
- Venue
- Medical Teacher
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2012-01-30
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e102-e115
- ISSN
- 0142-159X (ISSN-L)
- 1466-187X
- OpenAlex
- W2114732155
- Cited by
- 639
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 83 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 72 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Medical Teacher (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Innovations in Medical Education
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Innovative Education and Learning Practices
- Social Sciences › Education › Adult and Continuing Education Topics
- Keywords
- experiential learning, situated learning, clinical teaching, medical students, residency training, continuing professional development, hands-on learning
- MeSH terms
- Clinical Clerkship, Clinical Competence, Humans, Internship and Residency, Psychology, Educational, Students, Medical, Models, Educational, Problem-Based Learning
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