The DOI matches its Crossref record; 133 of the 133 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Stress and Parents of Children with Autism: A Review of Literature
Abstract
The purpose of this review is twofold. The first is to synthesize factors that impact parents' experiences of caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); the second is to identify factors that impact parental stress and parental decision-making to use autism services or not. Parents of children with ASD score higher on levels of stress than other groups of parents. The daily challenges of caring for the child are endless and effect all aspects of the child's care as well as the parent's mental health and ability to manage the needs of the child and family. Understanding more about the challenges parents face will provide direction for research, intervention development, and practice. Accordingly, a search was conducted using CINAHL and Medline. Inclusion criteria included articles available in full text, published in English, and focused on children with ASD distinct from other diagnoses, as well as parental experiences of caring for a child with ASD. Articles (N = 132) that met the inclusion criteria were summarized. Challenging aspects of the child's diagnosis and care are discussed, as well as the factors that impact parental stress and decision-making to use autism services. Recommendations for research and practice include interventional development related to early diagnosis, disparity, access to care, parental decision-making to use autism services, and parental stress management.
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“Parents of children with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) experience more stress than parents of typically developing children.”
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“Research has identified CB as the best predictor of parental stress (5, 9–11).”
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Attar, S. M., Benavidez, H. R., Gicheru, C., Alabi, C., Sapano, R., & Stone, W. L. (2026) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613261469915
“This prolonged period prior to receipt of autism-specific services is characterized by elevated parenting stress, increased child behavioral challenges, and reduced quality of life (Bonis, 2016; DesChamps et al., 2020).”
Tarabeih, M., Sinai-Gavrilov, Y., Rose, A. J., Netzer, S., Binet, A., Costa, D., Shimony, O., Shoughry, A., Nahum, M., & Koller, J. (2026) · Journal of Early Intervention · doi:10.1177/10538151261464718
Güngör, İ., Değirmenci, G. Y., & Doğan, O. (2026) · Anatolian Journal of Health Research · doi:10.61534/anatoljhr.1946851
Children’s health care utilization and parenting stress as predictors of behavior problems
Stanton, C. A., Coiro, M. J., Kotchick, B. A., & Green‐Hennessy, S. (2026) · Children s Health Care · doi:10.1080/02739615.2026.2730565
Agyapong-Opoku, G., Eboreime, E., Greenshaw, A. J., & Agyapong, B. (2026) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci16090982
Kargas, N., Dimolareva, M., Tsiora, S., Farooq, A., Brelsford, V. L., Stocks, H. S., Doolan-Dransfield, E., & Free, J. R. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0358595
“Beyond prevalence, research consistently documents the intensive demands placed on caregivers of autistic and otherwise neurodivergent children, including heightened stress, reduced leisure, and constrained employment and community participation [13–15].”
Llauradó, E. V., Martínez, L. M., & Fernández, L. S. (2026) · Intellectual and developmental disabilities · doi:10.1080/19349491.2026.2734440
Guo, S., Liu, F., Yang, S., & Huo, R. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16101749
“…parents or grandparents of children with ASD normally take the caregiving responsibilities in daily life, and most of them experience stress (Bonis, 2016; Costa et al., 2017), negative emotions (i.e., anxiety) (Lai et al., 2015), caregiving burden (Bozkurt et al., 2019; Marsack-Topolewski &…”
The Functional Application of Episodic Foresight in Autistic Children
Chua, S. J.-S., Terrett, G., Coundouris, S. P., Rendell, P. G., Suddendorf, T., & Henry, J. D. (2026) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-026-07561-4
Metadata
- Authors
- Bonis, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bonis, Susan
- ORCID
- Bonis, Susan
- Venue
- Issues in Mental Health Nursing
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2016-03-03
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 153-163
- ISSN
- 0161-2840 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-4673
- OpenAlex
- W2319420461
- Cited by
- 404
- References
- 132
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 2.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Issues in Mental Health Nursing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family Caregiving in Mental Illness
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, parental stress, parents of autistic children, parental decision-making, autism services, health care access, early diagnosis, parental mental health, stress management
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adult, Child, Humans, Parents, Stress, Psychological
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