Cited by 334Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsPesticide Exposure and ToxicityPharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 122 of the 123 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Personal care products and endocrine disruption: A critical review of the literature

Witorsch, Raphael J., Thomas, John A.·2010·Critical Reviews in Toxicology

DOI 10.3109/10408444.2010.515563

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This article reviews laboratory and epidemiological research into the endocrine disruptive effects of components of personal care products, namely, phthalate esters, parabens, ultraviolet (UV) filters, polycyclic musks, and antimicrobials. High doses of phthalates in utero can produce “phthalate syndrome,” demasculinizing effects in male rat offspring due to impaired testosterone production by fetal testes. However, evidence linking phthalate exposure to similar effects in humans appears inconclusive. Furthermore, phthalate exposure derived from personal care products is within safe limits and its principal bioavailable phthalate, diethyl phthalate (DEP), does not produce “phthalate syndrome.” Parabens exhibit very weak estrogen activity in vitro and in vivo, but evidence of paraben-induced developmental and reproductive toxicity in vivo lacks consistency and physiological coherence. Evidence attempting to link paraben exposure with human breast cancer is nonexistent. Select UV filters at high doses produce estrogenic, antithyroid, and other effects in rats in vivo. Again, no evidence links UV filter exposure to endocrine disruptive effects in humans. Some polycyclic musks weakly bind to estrogen, androgen, or progestin receptors and exhibit primarily antagonistic activity in vitro, which for the most part, has yet to be confirmed in vivo in mammals. The antimicrobials triclocarban and triclosan evoke weak responses mediated by aryl hydrocarbon, estrogen, and androgen receptors in vitro, which require confirmation in vivo. Preliminary observations suggest a novel interaction between triclocarban and testosterone. In conclusion, although select constituents exhibit interactions with the endocrine system in the laboratory, the evidence linking personal care products to endocrine disruptive effects in humans is for the most part lacking.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3109/10408444.2010.515563

Cites

122 of 122 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The environment and disease: association or causation?
Hill, A. B. (2015) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/0141076814562718 · Cited by 7,804
Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement
Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Bourguignon, J.-P., Giudice, L. C., Hauser, R., Prins, G. S., Soto, A. M., Zoeller, R. T., & Gore, A. C. (2009) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2009-0002 · Cited by 4,585
Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure
Swan, S. H., Main, K. M., Liu, F., Stewart, S. L., Kruse, R. L., Calafat, A. M., Mao, C. S., Redmon, J. B., Ternand, C. L., Sullivan, S., et al. (2005) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.8100 · Cited by 1,586
A Variety of Environmentally Persistent Chemicals, Including Some Phthalate Plasticizers, Are Weakly Estrogenic
Jobling, S., Reynolds, T., White, R., Parker, M. G., & Sumpter, J. P. (1995) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.95103582 · Cited by 1,259
Perinatal Exposure to the Phthalates DEHP, BBP, and DINP, but Not DEP, DMP, or DOTP, Alters Sexual Differentiation of the Male Rat
Gray, L. E. (2000) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/58.2.350 · Cited by 1,084
Safety assessment of esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (parabens)
Soni, M. G., Carabin, I. G., & Burdock, G. A. (2005) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2005.01.020 · Cited by 1,012
Environmental phthalate exposure in relation to reproductive outcomes and other health endpoints in humans
Swan, S. H. (2008) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2008.08.007 · Cited by 879
In Vitro and in Vivo Estrogenicity of UV Screens
Schlumpf, M., Cotton, B., Conscience-Egli, M., Haller, V., Steinmann, B., & LICHTENSTEIGER, W. (2001) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.01109239 · Cited by 847
The Estrogen Receptor Relative Binding Affinities of 188 Natural and Xenochemicals: Structural Diversity of Ligands
Blair, R. M. (2000) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/54.1.138 · Cited by 806
Concentrations of parabens in human breast tumours
Darbre, P. D., Aljarrah, A., Miller, W. R., Coldham, N. G., Sauer, M. J., & Pope, G. S. (2004) · Journal of Applied Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jat.958 · Cited by 805

Show all 123 references

Research works printed but not linked: 7

Bustamante-Montes LP, 2008, Epidemiology, 19, 570
Duty SM, 2003, Epidemiology, 14, 269
Hill AB., 1965, Proc R Soc Med, 58, 295
Hubinger JC, 2006, J Cosmet Sci, 57, 127
McEwen GN, 2006, Environ Health Perspect, 114, A19, 10.1289/ehp.114-a19b · DOI
Thomas JA., 1997, Environ Nutr Interact, 1, 5
Williams GH, 2006, Harrison’s Endocrinology, 113

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 334

Reproductive effects of the parabens
Scialli, A. R. (2011) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.03.005 · Cited by 14
Water Quality and Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs)
García-Fernández, A. J., Espín, S., Gómez‐Ramírez, P., Sánchez‐Virosta, P., & Navas, I. (2021) · doi:10.1002/9781119681397.ch1 · Cited by 14
A Narrative Review of Heavy Metals and Sperm Quality: The Interplay with Antioxidant Imbalance and Reactive Oxygen Species
Azil, S., Errafii‬, K., Benkhalifa, M., Louanjli, N., Ghazi, B., & Hamdi, S. (2025) · Current Issues in Molecular Biology · doi:10.3390/cimb47080650 · Cited by 13
An approach to classifying occupational exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals by sex hormone function using an expert judgment process
Přichystalová, R., Caron-Beaudoin, É., Richardson, L., Dirkx, E., Amadou, A., Závodná, T., Cihak, R., Cogliano, V. J., Hynes, J., Pelland-St-Pierre, L., et al. (2020) · Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1038/s41370-020-0253-z · Cited by 13
Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic activity studies on cancer cell lines of new paraben-decorated monospiro-cyclotriphosphazenes
Şenkuytu, E., Akbaş, N., Yıldırım, T., & Çiftçi, G. Y. (2021) · New Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d1nj04585g · Cited by 11
Automated microextraction by packed sorbent of endocrine disruptors in wastewater using a high-throughput robotic platform followed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Bocelli, M. D., Medina, D. A. V., Lanças, F. M., & Santos‐Neto, Á. J. (2023) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-023-04888-0 · Cited by 12
An immunoassay for the detection of triclosan-O-glucuronide, a primary human urinary metabolite of triclosan
Ranganathan, A., Gee, S. J., & Hammock, B. D. (2015) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-015-8918-5 · Cited by 12
Radioanalytical Techniques to Quantitatively Assess the Biological Uptake and In Vivo Behavior of Hazardous Substances
Lee, J. Y., Mushtaq, S., Park, J. E., Shin, H. S., Lee, S., & Jeon, J. (2020) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules25173985 · Cited by 12
Human exposure to synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals (S-EDCs) is generally negligible as compared to natural compounds with higher or comparable endocrine activity. How to evaluate the risk of the S-EDCs?
Autrup, H. N., Barile, F. A., Berry, S. C., Blaauboer, B. J., Boobis, A. R., Bolt, H. M., Borgert, C. J., Dekant, W., Dietrich, D. R., Domingo, J. L., et al. (2020) · Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health · doi:10.1080/15287394.2020.1756592 · Cited by 12
Synthetic Endocrine Disruptors in Fragranced Products
Ashcroft, S., Dosoky, N. S., Setzer, W. N., & Satyal, P. (2024) · Endocrines · doi:10.3390/endocrines5030027 · Cited by 11
Mode of action approach supports a lack of carcinogenic potential of six organic UV filters
Cohen, S., Boobis, A. R., Jacobson-Kram, D., Schoeny, R., Rosol, T., Williams, G. M., Kaminski, N. E., Eichenbaum, G., Guengerich, F., & Nash, J. F. (2025) · Critical Reviews in Toxicology · doi:10.1080/10408444.2025.2462642 · Cited by 12
Essential Oil from Origanum vulgare Linnaeus: An Alternative Against Microorganisms Responsible for Bad Perspiration Odor
Suzuki Érika, Y., Soldati Pedro, P., Chaves, M. D. G. A. M., & Raposo, N. R. B. (2014) · Journal of Young Pharmacists · doi:10.5530/jyp.2015.1.4 · Cited by 11
Ibuprofen removal from aqueous solution by in situ electrochemically generated ferrate(VI): proof-of-principle
Nikolić-Bujanović, L., Čekerevac, M., Tomić, M., & Zdravković, M. Z. (2015) · Water Science & Technology · doi:10.2166/wst.2015.474 · Cited by 11
Environmental Endocrine Disruptor Affects Voluntary Physical Activity in Mice
Schmitt, E. E., Vellers, H. L., Porter, W. W., & Lightfoot, J. T. (2016) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000908 · Cited by 11
Human exposure to synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals (S-EDCs) is generally negligible as compared to natural compounds with higher or comparable endocrine activity. How to evaluate the risk of the S-EDCs?
Autrup, H. N., Barile, F. A., Berry, S. C., Blaauboer, B. J., Boobis, A. R., Bolt, H. M., Borgert, C. J., Dekant, W., Dietrich, D. R., Domingo, J. L., et al. (2020) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109099 · Cited by 11
In utero and lactational exposure to triclocarban: Age-associated changes in reproductive parameters of male rat offspring
Costa, N. O., Forcato, S., Cavichioli, A. M., Pereira, M. R. F., & Gerardin, D. C. C. (2020) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2020.115077 · Cited by 11
Optimization of quality, safety and health aspects in personal care product preservative design
Yee, Q. Y., Hassim, M. H., Chemmangattuvalappil, N. G., Ten, J. Y., & Raslan, R. (2021) · Process Safety and Environmental Protection · doi:10.1016/j.psep.2021.11.025 · Cited by 11
Use of Cosmetic Products in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women and Young Children: Guidelines for Interventions during the Perinatal Period from the French National College of Midwives
Marie, C., Garlantézec, R., Béranger, R., & Ficheux, A. (2022) · Journal of Midwifery & Women s Health · doi:10.1111/jmwh.13428 · Cited by 11
Review—Exploitation of Modified Electrochemical Sensors for Fast and Reliable Detection of Plastics Endocrine-Disrupting Contaminants
Sayed, D. M., Metwally, M. G., El-Dein, A. I. N., Mourad, E. A., Idress, H. R., Khodira, K. A., Mohammed, Y. A., & Nashar, R. M. E. (2023) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1945-7111/ad1586 · Cited by 10
Current State of Knowledge on Algae-Mediated Remediation of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) from Wastewater
Singh, R., Behera, M., Kumar, S., & Rani, A. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-13913-1_6 · Cited by 10
Grouping of esters of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid for hazard assessment
Colnot, T., Dekant, W., & Greim, H. A. (2023) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-023-03641-x · Cited by 10
Impact of Phthalates and Parabens on the Neurobehavioral and Reproductive Function: A Review
Yesumanipreethi, S., Magadalenal, N. N., & Inbaraj, R. (2021) · Proceedings of the Zoological Society · doi:10.1007/s12595-021-00408-z · Cited by 7
Genotoxic and safety assessment of 2 parabens in somatic cells of in vivo Drosophila melanogaster
Ayar, A., & Uysal, H. (2013) · TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY · doi:10.3906/biy-1303-60 · Cited by 10
Microencapsulated sunblock nanoparticles based on zeolitic imidazole frameworks for safe and effective UV protection
Li-xian, X., Wu, D., Zhou, B., Xu, Y., Wang, W., Yu, D., & Luo, D. (2018) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/c8ra00632f · Cited by 10
Vichy mineralizing water with hyaluronic acid is effective and well tolerated as an adjunct to the management of various dermatoses and after esthetic procedures
Tan, J. K. L., Spada, J., Orlandi, C., Kerscher, M. J., Anfilova, M., Abdulla, S., Floriánová, A., Preisz, K., Altmayer, A., Delva, C., et al. (2019) · Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · doi:10.1111/jocd.13229 · Cited by 10
The bioactive new type paraben decorated dispiro-cyclotriphosphaze compounds: synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic activity studies
Şenkuytu, E., Akbaş, N., Yıldırım, T., & Çiftçi, G. Y. (2022) · Journal of Molecular Structure · doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132438 · Cited by 8
Transport, fate, and detection of personal care products (PCPs) in the environment
Abiodun, O. A., & Ayeleru, O. O. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-21794-4.00010-7 · Cited by 9
Excessive pharmaceutical and personal care products in the environment cause life-threatening diseases
Dhir, B. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85160-2.00014-7 · Cited by 9
Associations between exposure to a mixture of phenols and sex steroid hormones among pre- and postmenopausal women: evidence from NHANES 2015–2016
Guo, M., & Zhu, C. (2023) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-023-26421-7 · Cited by 8
The Science of Selecting Excipients for Dermal Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems
van Staden, D., Haynes, R. K., & Viljoen, J. M. (2023) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15041293 · Cited by 9
The Use of Cosmetics and Personal Care Products During Pregnancy
Arıca, D. A., Selçuk, L. B., Aran, T., Ateş, E. A., Yaylı, S., & Bahadır, S. (2017) · Turkish Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.4274/tdd.3210 · Cited by 9
Health Risk Assessment on Hazardous Ingredients in Household Deodorizing Products
Lee, M., Kim, J.-H., Lee, D., Kim, J. W., Lim, H., Seo, J., & Park, Y. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15040744 · Cited by 8
The global distribution characteristics, concentration correlations, and risk assessments for synthetic musks (SMs)
Xi, J., Wang, X., Ai, S., Wang, X., Wang, J., & Liu, Z. (2025) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126464 · Cited by 7
Thyroid disrupting effects of exposure to sunscreens: in vitro and in vivo evidence of the impact of organic UV-filters
Greco, A., Franchi, E., Denegri, M., Ambrosino, S., Magri, F., Coperchini, F., & Rotondi, M. (2025) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/s12940-025-01229-9 · Cited by 9
The Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Thyroid Axis as a Target for Environmental Chemicals
Cooper, R. L., & Zorrilla, L. M. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.66101-9 · Cited by 7
Age, gender, and racial/ethnic differences in the association of triclocarban with adulthood obesity using NHANES 2013–2016
Uche, U., & King, C. C. (2020) · Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health · doi:10.1080/19338244.2020.1853016 · Cited by 7
Development and validation of a new method for determination of methylparaben in Iran market infant formulae by HPLC
Khansari, N., Adib, N., Alikhani, A., Babaee, T., & Khosrokhavar, R. (2021) · Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering · doi:10.1007/s40201-021-00628-7 · Cited by 7
Characterizing changes in behaviors associated with chemical exposures during the COVID-19 pandemic
Herbstman, J. B., Romano, M. E., Li, X., Jacobson, L. P., Margolis, A. E., Hamra, G. B., Bennett, D. H., Braun, J. M., Buckley, J. P., Colburn, T. A., et al. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277679 · Cited by 7
Photoprotection in Transplant Recipients
Surber, C., Pittelkow, M. R., & Lautenschlager, S. (2012) · Current problems in dermatology · doi:10.1159/000335799 · Cited by 7
Characterization of heavy users of skin care products among Norwegian women from 2003 to 2011
Aniansson, B., Veierød, M. B., Rylander, C., Lund, E., & Sandanger, T. M. (2016) · Archives of Public Health · doi:10.1186/s13690-016-0165-5 · Cited by 7
Human exposure to synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals (S-EDCs) is generally negligible as compared to natural compounds with higher or comparable endocrine activity. How to evaluate the risk of the S-EDCs?
Autrup, H. N., Barile, F. A., Berry, S. C., Blaauboer, B. J., Boobis, A. R., Bolt, H. M., Borgert, C. J., Dekant, W., Dietrich, D. R., Domingo, J. L., et al. (2020) · Toxicology in Vitro · doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104861 · Cited by 7
Demonstrating the application of a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of phthalate diesters in complex solid and liquid environmental samples
Regan, F. B., Allen, C., & Lawler, J. (2025) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/d5ay01057h · Cited by 6
Use of Personal Care Products and Semen Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study in Young Danish Men
Petersen, K. U., Balkiss, A. M., Hærvig, K. K., Bonde, J. P., Hougaard, K. S., Toft, G. V., Ramlau‐Hansen, C. H., & Tøttenborg, S. S. (2020) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics8030062 · Cited by 6
Preparation and ultraviolet sunscreen properties of organic-silica hybrid particles encapsulated benzophenone-3
Fan, H., Shi, H., Yao, S., Wang, L., Wang, J., & Han, M. (2022) · Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s10971-022-05723-1 · Cited by 6
Association of a mixture of phthalates and phenols with frailty among middle-aged and older adults: A population-based cross-sectional study
Guo, X., Zhao, D., Meng, J., Hu, W., Wu, B., Wang, X., Su, W., Meng, M., Qu, G., & Sun, Y. (2023) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139144 · Cited by 6
Identification of Linkages between EDCs in Personal Care Products and Breast Cancer through Data Integration Combined with Gene Network Analysis
Jeong, H.-R., Kim, J., & Kim, Y. J. (2017) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph14101158 · Cited by 6
Exposure to oxybenzone from sunscreens: daily transdermal uptake estimation
Eftekhari, A., & Morrison, G. (2021) · Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology · doi:10.1038/s41370-021-00383-9 · Cited by 5
Endocrine Disruption in Freshwater Fish from Contaminants of Emerging Concern
Jamwal, A., & Shekh, K. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-8369-8_18 · Cited by 5
Associations of parental preconception and maternal pregnancy urinary phthalate biomarker and bisphenol-a concentrations with child eating behaviors
Leader, J. E., Mínguez‐Alarcón, L., Williams, P. L., Ford, J. B., Dadd, R., Chagnon, O., Oken, E., Calafat, A. M., Hauser, R. B., & Braun, J. M. (2024) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114334 · Cited by 5
Removal of Personal Care Products Through Ferrate(VI) Oxidation Treatment
Yang, B., & Ying, G. (2014) · The handbook of environmental chemistry · doi:10.1007/698_2014_285 · Cited by 5
Breast cancer and environmental contamination: A real connection?
Delgado‐López, F., & Zamora-León, S. P. (2018) · Cogent Medicine · doi:10.1080/2331205x.2018.1520470 · Cited by 4
Simple monitoring of endocrine-disrupting chemicals using transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing medaka estrogen receptor
Stoykova, P., Ohkawa, H., & Inui, H. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131633 · Cited by 4
Determinants of Exposure to Fragranced Product Chemical Mixtures in a Sample of Twins
Gribble, M. O., Bandeen‐Roche, K., & Fox, M. A. (2015) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph120201466 · Cited by 4
Epidemiologic Basis of the Role of Environmental Endocrine Disruptors in Breast Cancer
Hiatt, R. A. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9896-5_1 · Cited by 4
UV Filters Biodegradation by Fungi, Metabolites Identification and Biological Activity Assessment
Badia-Fabregat, M., Caminal, G., Vicent, T., Blánquez, P., Gago-Ferrero, P., Olivares, A., Piña, B., Díaz-Cruz, M., & Barceló, D. (2012) · The handbook of environmental chemistry · doi:10.1007/698_2012_157 · Cited by 5
Metabolism of Oxybenzone and Dioxybenzone to Phototoxins in Human Skin Cells.
Song, Z.-D., Lu, Y.-R., Shi, J. L., Xu, Y., & Mitch, W. (2025) · Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c05025 · Cited by 2
Determining Exposure Factors of Anti-Fogging, Dye, Disinfectant, Repellent, and Preservative Products in Korea
Lee, D., Kim, J.-H., Kim, T., Yoon, H., Jo, A., Lee, B., Lim, H., Kim, P., & Seo, J. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15020232 · Cited by 3
Cosmeceuticals significance of hydroxybenzoic acids
Sharma, A., Churungu, D., Giri, A., & Bhardwaj, P. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-19148-0.00005-x · Cited by 3
Insights into the Adverse Effects of Parabens on Human Health: Based on Associations with Target Lipid Molecules
Liu, M., Chen, Q., Tian, T., & Ding, Z. (2024) · Exposure and Health · doi:10.1007/s12403-024-00669-x · Cited by 3
Impact of endocrine disruptors in cosmetics on reproductive function in males and females
Lasaneya, A., Saikia, Q., Dutta, S., & Kalita, J. C. (2025) · Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis · doi:10.1080/26896583.2025.2498831 · Cited by 7
Preservatives, colorants and UV filters in cosmetic products: Safety aspects
Lukić, M. Ž. (2018) · Arhiv za farmaciju · doi:10.5937/arhfarm1805934l · Cited by 3
Association of antimicrobial household exposure with development of allergic rhinitis in Korea
Kim, J., & Kim, K. (2019) · Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · doi:10.1111/pai.13052 · Cited by 3
Presence of methyl paraben in anti-diabetic herbal preparations
Islam, N., Zamir, R., Faruque, M. O., & Rahman, M. S. (2023) · Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Science · doi:10.3329/jasbs.v48i1-2.64513 · Cited by 4
Occurrence and risks of emerging pollutants in water bodies
Thi, L. P., Luong, L. M. T., Do, H., & Chinh, P. M. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-95953-7.00001-1 · Cited by 3
Examination of the Genotoxic Effects of Various Parabens Used as Food Additives with the Drosophila Wing Spot Test (SMART)
Ayar, A., & Uysal, H. (2013) · Journal of Applied Biological Sciences · Cited by 3
Human exposure to synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals (S-EDCs) is generally negligible as compared to natural compounds with higher or comparable endocrine activity. How to evaluate the risk of the S-EDCs?
Autrup, H. N., Barile, F. A., Berry, S. C., Blaauboer, B. J., Boobis, A. R., Bolt, H. M., Borgert, C. J., Dekant, W., Dietrich, D. R., Domingo, J. L., et al. (2020) · Computational Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.comtox.2020.100124 · Cited by 3
YES as a Tool for Detecting Estrogenic Activity of Some Food Additives Compounds: E 104, E 122, E 124, E 132 and E 171
Bazin, I., Hassine, A. I. H., Mnif, W., & Gonzalez, C. (2013) · Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography · doi:10.4172/2157-7625.1000128 · Cited by 3
Prenatal exposure to di(n-butyl) phthalate delays the spermatogenic cycle in rats: Investigation using a BrdU-injection method
Wakui, S., Sato, D., 祐弥, 岡., Kansaku, N., & Muto, T. (2022) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2022.01.003 · Cited by 3
Mechanisms of Action of Emerging Contaminants: Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCP)
Shi, W. F., & Tan, H. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-9116-4_11 · Cited by 3
Bioremediation Technologies for the Treatment of Water Contaminated by Organic and Inorganic Contaminants
Ilyas, H., Mal, J., Masih, I., & van Hullebusch, E. D. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-4937-1_4 · Cited by 3
Study of metabolic activation of the UV-filter octyl methoxycinnamate for endocrine-disrupting activity
Watanabe, Y., Emori, C., Uramaru, N., Fujimoto, N., & Kitamura, S. (2018) · Fundamental Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.2131/fts.5.185 · Cited by 3
Human exposure to synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals (S-EDCs) is generally negligible as compared to natural compounds with higher or comparable endocrine activity. How to evaluate the risk of the S-EDCs?
Autrup, H. N., Barile, F. A., Berry, S. C., Blaauboer, B. J., Boobis, A. R., Bolt, H. M., Borgert, C. J., Dekant, W., Dietrich, D. R., Domingo, J. L., et al. (2020) · Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.etap.2020.103396 · Cited by 3
Personal care products and cosmetics
Zhou, C., Chiang, C., Brehm, E., Warner, G. R., & Flaws, J. A. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-89773-0.00044-8 · Cited by 3
Personal Care Products and Cosmetics
Zhou, C., Chiang, C., Brehm, E., & Flaws, J. A. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804239-7.00045-7 · Cited by 2
Koruyucu Madde Paraben’in Allium cepa L.’daki Fizyolojik, Anatomik ve Sitogenetik Etkilerinin Araştırılması
Kurt, D., Çavuşoğlu, K., & Yalçın, E. (2018) · Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi · doi:10.21597/jist.427890 · Cited by 2
Potential Health Risks of Chemicals in Car Colorant Products
Lee, D., Kim, J.-H., Hwang, M.-Y., Lim, H., & Seok, K.-S. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16060913 · Cited by 2
Call to Action for a Sustainable Air Pollution-Free World
Sawyer, W. E., Sylva, L., Aigberua, A. O., & Akram, M. (2024) · The handbook of environmental chemistry · doi:10.1007/698_2024_1123 · Cited by 2
Coping with Emerging Contaminants in Potable Water Sources
Gall, H. E., & Mina, O. (2014) · The handbook of environmental chemistry · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06563-2_3 · Cited by 2
WITHDRAWN: The potential contribution of endocrine disrupting chemicals to acne
Mazioti, M. C., Markakis, K. P., & Raptis, A. E. (2015) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2015.04.012 · Cited by 2
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF THE LOWER HUDSON RIVER AND ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS LIMITING BACTERIAL GROWTH ON IBUPROFEN ANALOGS
Risen, A. J. (2012) · eCommons (Cornell University) · Cited by 2
Environmental Estrogens
Machala, M., & Vondráček, J. (2012) · doi:10.1002/9783527630905.ch24 · Cited by 2
Personal care products in agroecosystem: ubiquity, sources, and toxicity insights
Arora, J., Ranjan, A., Chauhan, A. P. S., Datta, S., & Jindal, T. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-18985-2.00010-9 · Cited by 1
Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Triclosan and Other Typical Endocrine Disruptors in Honey
Wang, J., Gao, M., Li, H., Hou, X., Gong, A., & Cao, Y. (2025) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods14122006 · Cited by 1
In utero exposure to a mixture of phthalates, parabens, and other phenols and menstrual cycle characteristics in adolescents
Stoddard, O. P., Berger, K. P., Eskenazi, B., Kogut, K. R., Holland, N., Rauch, S. A., & Harley, K. G. (2025) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114612 · Cited by 4
Single and Combined Impact of Environmental Concentrations of Galaxolide (HHCB) and Tonalide (AHTN) on Melanopsis praemorsa : Evaluating Genotoxicity and Stress Response Mechanisms
Otludil, B., & Otludil, B. (2025) · Journal of Applied Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jat.4918 · Cited by 1
Breast cancer risks in consumer products: A systematic review (part 2)
Olumide, Y. M., Ayanlowo, O. O., Akinkugbe, A., & Otrofanowei, E. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Sciences · doi:10.4103/jcls.jcls_30_25 · Cited by 1
Pregnancy exposure to environmental phenols and breastfeeding duration in the HOME Study
Gerili, Z., Braun, J. M., Yolton, K. A., Lanphear, B., Romano, M. E., Tolstrup, J. S., & Timmermann, C. A. G. (2026) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2026.114794 · Cited by 1
Risk Factors for Idiopathic Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
Li, F., Huang, Y.-J., Geng, Y.-L., Ru-nan, H., & Zhang, M.-M. (2026) · Current Medical Science · doi:10.1007/s11596-026-00205-9 · Cited by 1
Multiomics Insights Linking Personal Care Products Exposure to Serum Lipid Profiles in Older Adults: The China BAPE Study
Situ, Y., Guo, X., Ren, H., Qian, J., Li, C., Li, C., Tang, X. Y., Zhang, J., Wang, X., Wang, M., et al. (2026) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1021/ehp.6c00011 · Cited by 1
Chemicals of Concern in Ontario and The Great Lakes Basin - Update 2011 Emerging Issues
Eyles, J. D., Newbold, K. B., Toth, A., & Shah, T. (2011) · Cited by 1
Sunscreen use: controversies, challenges and regulatory
Beitner, H., Gonzalez, H., Austad, J., Buraczewska, I., & Lodén, M. (2011) · Cited by 1
Endocrine Disruptors and Infertility
Yazar, S. (2022) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.104403 · Cited by 1
Atopic Dermatitis in Childhood and Biomarkers of Male Reproductive Health: A Danish National Birth Cohort Study
Kjersgaard, C. L., Gaml‐Sørensen, A., Arendt, L. H., Tøttenborg, S. S., Hougaard, K. S., Toft, G. V., Arah, O. A., Bonde, J. ., Deleuran, M. S., & Ramlau‐Hansen, C. H. (2025) · JEADV Clinical Practice · doi:10.1002/jvc2.70020 · Cited by 1
Human exposure to synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals (S-EDCs) is generally negligible as compared to natural compounds with higher or comparable endocrine activity. How to evaluate the risk of the S-EDCs?
Autrup, H. N., Barile, F. A., Berry, S. C., Blaauboer, B. J., Boobis, A. R., Bolt, H. M., Hengstler, J. G., Borgert, C. J., Dekant, W., Dietrich, D. R., et al. (2020) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2020.111349 · Cited by 1
Human exposure to synthetic endocrine disrupting chemicals (S-EDCs) is generally negligible as compared to natural compounds with higher or comparable endocrine activity. How to evaluate the risk of the S-EDCs?
Autrup, H. N., Barile, F. A., Berry, S. C., Blaauboer, B. J., Boobis, A. R., Bolt, H. M., Borgert, C. J., Dekant, W., Dietrich, D. R., Domingo, J. L., et al. (2020) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.04.008 · Cited by 1
Systemic toxicity
Truisi, G. L., Maïbach, H. I., & Hewitt, P. G. (2012) · Informa Healthcare eBooks · doi:10.3109/9781841848570.006 · Cited by 1
Characterizing the Biochemical and Toxicological Effects of Nanosilver in vivo Using Zebrafish (Danio rerio) and in vitro Using Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Massarsky, A. (2014) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-3569 · Cited by 1
THE EFFECTS OF TRICLOSAN, 2,4-D, AND THEIR BY-PRODUCTS ON THE ADRENOCORTICAL CELLS OF RAINBOW TROUT
Dann, A. B. (2011) · Open ULeth Scholarship (OPUS) (University of Lethbridge) · Cited by 1
Desreguladores endócrinos e síndrome do olho seco
Pontelli, R. C. N. (2020) · doi:10.11606/t.17.2020.tde-18082020-220524 · Cited by 1
Associations between Urinary Phthalates and Metabolic Syndrome in NHANES 2005-2010
Haque, M. S. (2015) · University Libraries (University of Maryland) · doi:10.13016/m2sd19

Authors: Witorsch, R. J., & Thomas, J. A.
Affiliations: Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
Indiana University School of Medicine (US)
Corresponding author: Witorsch, Raphael J.
ORCID: Thomas, John A.
Venue: Critical Reviews in Toxicology
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2010-10-11
Volume: 40
Issue: sup3
Pages: 1-30
ISSN: 0045-6446 (ISSN-L)
1040-8444
1547-6898
DOI: 10.3109/10408444.2010.515563
OpenAlex: W2154786792
Cited by: 334
References: 123
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 1.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Critical Reviews in Toxicology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
Keywords: endocrine disruption, personal care products, phthalates, parabens, UV filters, polycyclic musks, antimicrobial agents, triclocarban, triclosan, diethyl phthalate, breast cancer, reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity, estrogenic activity, androgen receptor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, progestin receptor, human exposure
MeSH terms: Animals, Breast Neoplasms, Carbanilides, Cosmetics, Estrogens, Female, Humans, Male, Parabens, Phthalic Acids, Receptors, Androgen, Triclosan, Ultraviolet Rays, Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast, Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon, Rats, Endocrine Disruptors

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Personal care products and endocrine disruption: A critical review of the literature

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks