Autonomic hypoactivity in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the influence of methylphenidate
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study investigates an overall autonomic hypoactivity reflecting hypoarousal as important aetiological factor in ADHD at baseline during rest and in response towards stimuli. In addition, effects of methylphenidate (MPH) are examined. We further assessed whether this hypoarousal is a stable characteristic or ameliorated by arousing emotional stimuli. METHODS: Boys with ADHD were examined with (n = 35) or without MPH (n = 45) and compared with healthy boys (n = 22) regarding skin conductance level (SCL) during rest and skin conductance responses (SCRs) as well as valence and arousal ratings in response to positive, neutral, and negative pictures. RESULTS: ADHD children without MPH were characterized by reduced baseline SCL and overall reduced SCRs. ADHD children with MPH never differed from control children. All groups displayed normal valence and arousal ratings of the stimuli and enhanced SCRs to emotional in comparison to neutral pictures. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to unravel (1) a general autonomic hypoactivity in ADHD children at baseline and in response to low arousing neutral and highly arousing emotional stimuli, and (2) hints that MPH normalizes this hypoactivity. Results contribute to the understanding of ADHD aetiology and MPH functionality, and are consistent with the cognitive-energetic model of ADHD.
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Conzelmann et al. (2014), using EDA measures, found signs of hypo-sensitivity to social information in children and adolescents with ADHD when presented with a series of pictures of positive, negative or neutral valence.
“Conzelmann et al. (2014), by using EDA measures, found signs of hypo-sensitivity to social information in children and adolescents with ADHD, when presented with a series of pictures of positive, negative or neutral valence.”
From Is autonomic nervous system function atypical in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? A systematic review of the evidence (2020) · cites this paper as Conzelmann et al., 2014
Within the ADHD group, children who were unmedicated showed significantly reduced pre-stimulus SCL and reduced post-stimulus SCRs, compared with controls and medicated ADHD children.
“Within the ADHD group, children who were unmedicated showed significantly reduced pre-stimulus SCL and reduced post-stimulus SCRs, compared with controls and medicated ADHD children (see paragraphs 3.3 and 4.6 for a discussion of medication effects).”
From Is autonomic nervous system function atypical in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? A systematic review of the evidence (2020) · cites this paper as Conzelmann et al., 2014
Conzelmann et al. (2014) showed that unmedicated children with ADHD had reduced baseline SCL during a socio-emotional task and reduced SCRs in response to emotion-inducing pictures, while there was no significant difference between ADHD on-medication and controls.
“Conzelmann et al. (2014), for example, showed that unmedicated children with ADHD had reduced baseline SCL during a socio-emotional task and reduced SCRs in response to emotion-inducing pictures, while there was no significant difference between ADHD on-medication and controls.”
From Is autonomic nervous system function atypical in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? A systematic review of the evidence (2020) · cites this paper as Conzelmann et al. (2014)
In Conzelmann et al. (2014), children with ADHD under MPH were similar to TD, while unmedicated children with ADHD showed reduced baseline SCL during the socio-emotional task and SCRs in response to emotion-inducing pictures, compared to controls and ADHD + MPH.
“Children with ADHD under MPH were similar to TD, while unmedicated children with ADHD showed reduced baseline SCL during the socio-emotional task and SCRs in response to emotion-inducing pictures, compared to controls and ADHD + MPH.”
From Is autonomic nervous system function atypical in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? A systematic review of the evidence (2020) · cites this paper as Conzelmann et al., 2014
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- Authors
- Conzelmann, A., Gerdes, A. B. M., Mucha, R. F., Weyers, P., Lesch, K.-P., Bähne, C. G., Fallgatter, A. J., Renner, T. J., Warnke, A., Romanos, M., & Pauli, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Würzburg (DE)
- University of Mannheim (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Conzelmann, Annette
- ORCID
- Venue
- The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-09-09
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 56-65
- ISSN
- 1562-2975 (ISSN-L)
- 1814-1412
- OpenAlex
- W2165504414
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
- MADOC (University of Mannheim) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, methylphenidate, skin conductance level, skin conductance response, hypoarousal, emotional stimuli, arousal, valence, boys
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Arousal, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Autonomic Nervous System, Child, Emotions, Galvanic Skin Response, Humans, Male, Methylphenidate, Treatment Outcome
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