Preliminary clinical evaluation of toxicity and efficacy of a new astaxanthin-rich Haematococcus pluvialis extract
Open accessAbstract
Astaxanthin (Ax), a carotenoid ubiquitously distributed in microorganisms, fish, and crustaceans, has been known to be a potent antioxidant and hence exhibit various physiological effects. We attempted in these studies to evaluate clinical toxicity and efficacy of long-term administration of a new Ax product, by measuring biochemical and hematological blood parameters and by analyzing brain function (using CogHealth and P300 measures). Ax-rich Haematococcus pluvialis extracts equivalent to 4, 8, 20 mg of Ax dialcohol were administered to 73, 38, and 16 healthy adult volunteers, respectively, once daily for 4 weeks to evaluate safety. Ten subjects with age-related forgetfulness received an extract equivalent to 12 mg in a daily dosing regimen for 12 weeks to evaluate efficacy. As a result, no abnormality was observed and efficacy for age-related decline in cognitive and psychomotor functions was suggested.
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Astaxanthin prevents age-related cognitive decline in humans.
“The intake of astaxanthin has been shown to have a protective effect against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori (Kamath et al., 2008) and affects cholesterol levels in blood, which could be helpful for curing heart disease (Olaizola, 2005), preventing obesity (Ikeuchi et al., 2007) and preventing age-related cognitive function in humans (Satoh et al., 2009).”
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- Authors
- Satoh, A., Tsuji, S., Okada, Y., Murakami, N., Urami, M., Nakagawa, K., Ishikura, M., Katagiri, M., Koga, Y., & Shirasawa, T.
- Affiliations
- Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. (Japan) (JP)
- Juntendo University (JP)
- Kyorin University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Ishikura, Masaharu
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 280-284
- ISSN
- 0912-0009 (ISSN-L)
- 1880-5086
- PMC
- PMC2675019
- OpenAlex
- W1974005731
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 5.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Keywords
- astaxanthin, Haematococcus pluvialis, carotenoids, antioxidants, toxicity, safety, long-term administration, hematological parameters, cognitive function, P300, psychomotor performance
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