Hepatic transcript profiling in early-lactation dairy cows fed rumen-protected niacin during the transition from late pregnancy to lactation
Open accessAbstract
In dairy cows, administration of high dosages of niacin (nicotinic acid, NA) was found to cause antilipolytic effects, which are mediated by the NA receptor hydroxyl-carboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2) in white adipose tissue (WAT), and thereby an altered hepatic lipid metabolism. However, almost no attention has been paid to possible direct effects of NA in cattle liver, despite evidence that HCAR2 is also expressed in the liver and is even more abundant than in WAT. Because of this, we hypothesized that feeding a high dosage of rumen-protected NA to dairy cows influences critical metabolic or signaling pathways in the liver by inducing changes in the hepatic transcriptome. To identify these pathways, we applied genome-wide transcript profiling in liver biopsies obtained at d 7 postpartum (p.p.) from dairy cows used in our recent study; cows received either no NA (control group, n = 9) or 79 mg of rumen-protected NA/kg of body weight daily (NA group, n = 9) from 21 d before calving until 3 wk p.p. Hepatic transcript profiling revealed that 487 transcripts were differentially expressed (filter criteria: fold change >1.2 or <-1.2 and P < 0.05) in the liver at d 7 p.p. between cows fed NA and control cows. Substantially more transcripts were downregulated (n = 338), whereas only 149 transcripts were upregulated by NA in the liver of cows. Gene set enrichment analysis for the upregulated transcripts revealed that the most-enriched gene ontology biological process terms were exclusively related to immune processes, such as leukocyte differentiation, immune system process, activation of immune response, and acute inflammatory response. Gene set enrichment analysis of the downregulated transcripts showed that the most-enriched biological process terms were related to metabolic processes, such as cellular metabolic process, small molecule metabolic process, lipid catabolic process, organic cyclic compound metabolic process, small molecule biosynthetic process, and cellular lipid catabolic process. In conclusion, hepatic transcriptome analysis showed that rumen-protected NA induces genes that are involved mainly in immune processes, including acute phase response and stress response, in dairy cows at d 7 p.p. Thus, supplementation of a high dosage of rumen-protected NA to dairy cows in the periparturient period may induce or amplify the systemic inflammation-like condition that is typically observed in the liver of high-yielding dairy cows in the p.p. period.
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The filter criteria FC > 1.3 and p < 0.05 were used for defining differentially expressed transcripts.
“transcripts with an FC > 1.3 and a Student’s t-test p-value < 0.05 were defined as upregulated, and those with aN FC < −1.3 and a Student’s t-test p-value < 0.05 as downregulated for the comparison OE vs. OC and LE vs. LC.”
From Effect of Ecdysterone on the Hepatic Transcriptome and Lipid Metabolism in Lean and Obese Zucker Rats (2021) · cites this paper as [39]
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- Authors
- Ringseis, R., Zeitz, J. O., Weber, A., Koch, C., & Eder, K.
- Affiliations
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (DE)
- Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt für Viehhaltung Hofgut Neumühle (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Ringseis, R.
- Venue
- Journal of Dairy Science
- Publisher
- American Dairy Science Association
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 365-376
- ISSN
- 0022-0302 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2898393148
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 4.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Dairy Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- nicotinic acid, HCAR2, liver transcriptome, dairy cattle, early lactation, transition period, hepatic gene expression, immune response, acute phase response, systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, leukocyte differentiation, acute inflammatory response, stress response, gene set enrichment analysis
- MeSH terms
- Acute-Phase Reaction, Animals, Body Weight, Cattle, Diet, Female, Lactation, Lipolysis, Liver, Niacin, Pregnancy, Rumen, Dietary Supplements, Gene Expression Profiling, Postpartum Period
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