Dose-response effect of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane emissions in dairy cows

Melgar, A.; Welter, K.C.; Nedelkov, K.; Martins, C.M.M.R.; Harper, M.T.; Oh, J.; Räisänen, S.E.; Chen, X.; Cueva, S.F.; Duval, S.; Hristov, A.N.

doi:10.3168/jds.2019-17840

Cited by 112Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAnimal Nutrition and PhysiologyAgriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact

Dose-response effect of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane emissions in dairy cows

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Melgar, A., Welter, K.C., Nedelkov, K., Martins, C.M.M.R., Harper, M.T., Oh, J., Räisänen, S.E., Chen, X. +3 more·2020·Journal of Dairy Science

DOI 10.3168/jds.2019-17840

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Abstract

This experiment was designed to test the effect of inclusion rate of 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP), a methane inhibitor, on enteric methane emissions in dairy cows. The study was conducted with 49 multiparous Holstein cows in a randomized complete block design in 2 phases; phase 1 was with 28 cows, and phase 2 with 21 cows. Cows were fed a basal total mixed ration ad libitum and were blocked based on days in milk, milk yield, and enteric methane emissions during a 14-d covariate period. Treatments were control (no 3-NOP) and 40, 60, 80, 100, 150, and 200 mg of 3-NOP/kg of feed dry matter. Following a 14-d adaptation period, enteric gaseous emissions (methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen) were measured using the GreenFeed system (C-Lock Inc., Rapid City, SD) over a 3-d period. Compared with the control, inclusion rate of 3-NOP quadratically decreased daily enteric methane emissions from 22 to 40%. Maximum mitigation effect was achieved with the 3 highest 3-NOP doses (with no statistical difference among 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg). The decrease in methane emission yield and emission intensity ranged from 16 to 36% and from 25 to 45%, respectively. Emissions of hydrogen quadratically increased 6- to 10-fold, compared with the control; the maximum increase was with 150 mg/kg 3-NOP. Treatment did not affect daily emissions of carbon dioxide, but a linear increase in carbon dioxide emission yield was observed with increasing 3-NOP doses. Dry matter intake and milk yield of the cows was not affected by 3-NOP. Milk fat concentration and yield were increased by 3-NOP due to increased concentration of de novo synthetized short-chain fatty acids in milk. Inclusion of 3-NOP also tended to increase milk urea nitrogen but had no other effects on milk components. In this short-term experiment, 3-NOP decreased enteric methane emissions without affecting dry matter intake or milk yield and increased milk fat in dairy cows. Maximum mitigation effect was achieved at 100 to 200 mg/kg of feed dry matter.

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3-nitrooxypropanol is a promising methanogenesis inhibitor that reduces methane emissions in ruminant animals by up to 40%.
“3-nitrooxypropanol is the latest developed and promising inhibitor for methanogenesis,127 which has been shown to reduce methane emissions in ruminant animals by up to 40%.128,129”
From Technologies and perspectives for achieving carbon neutrality (2021) · cites this paper as [129]

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Authors: Melgar, A., Welter, K. C., Nedelkov, K., Martins, C. M. M. R., Harper, M. T., Oh, J., Räisänen, S. E., Chen, X., Cueva, S. F., Duval, S., & Hristov, A. N.
Affiliations: Pennsylvania State University (US)
Zamorano Pan-American Agricultural School (HN)
Corresponding author: Hristov, A.N.
ORCID: Welter, K.C.
Nedelkov, K.
Harper, M.T.
Oh, J.
Räisänen, S.E.
Chen, X.
Hristov, A.N.
Venue: Journal of Dairy Science
Publisher: American Dairy Science Association
Published: 2020-07
Volume: 103
Issue: 7
Pages: 6145-6156
ISSN: 0022-0302 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17840
OpenAlex: W3015242833
Cited by: 112
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 3
FWCI: 15.94
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 365 d)
Locations: Journal of Dairy Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ScholarSphere (Penn State Libraries) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Agriculture
Pennsylvania State University (1000803)
Instituto para la Formación y Aprovechamiento de Recursos Humanos
National Institute of Food and Agriculture (PEN 04539, 1000803)
DSM Nutritional Products
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
Keywords: 3-nitrooxypropanol, enteric methane, methane mitigation, dairy cattle, dose-response relationship, hydrogen emission, CO2 emissions, milk fat, short-chain fatty acids, milk urea nitrogen, dry matter intake, Holstein cows
MeSH terms: Animals, Animal Feed, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Cattle, Diet, Female, Lactation, Methane, Milk, Rumen, Propanols

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Dose-response effect of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane emissions in dairy cows

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