The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pain reduction by electrical brain stimulation in man: Part 2: Chronic self-administration in the periventricular gray matter
Abstract
✓ Electrical stimulation of the periventricular gray matter is an effective means of relieving several types of pain without destruction of neural tissue. The effects are long lasting, often bilateral, and with judicious use do not appear subject to adaptation. However, sustained uninterrupted stimulation for several hours does lead to a reversible decrease in effectiveness. Side effects from stimulation are minimal and cause little or no untoward emotional changes. The results are discussed in terms of activation of an endogenous pain inhibitory mechanism that involves naturally occurring opiate-like factors such as the enkephalins and endorphins.
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Citations
Cites
Identification of two related pentapeptides from the brain with potent opiate agonist activity
Hughes, J., Smith, T. W., Kosterlitz, H. W., Fothergill, L. A., Morgan, B. A., & Morris, H. R. (1975) · Nature · doi:10.1038/258577a0 · Cited by 3,806
Surgery in the Rat during Electrical Analgesia Induced by Focal Brain Stimulation
Reynolds, D. V. (1969) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.164.3878.444 · Cited by 1,389
Opiates and endogenous opioid peptides
Kelly, J. S., & Dingledine, R. (1977) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/0968-0004(77)90262-6 · Cited by 1,282
Electrical inhibition of pain by stimulation of the dorsal columns: preliminary clinical report.
Shealy, C. N., Mortimer, J. T., & RESWICK, J. B. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 1,237
Analgesia from Electrical Stimulation in the Brainstem of the Rat
Mayer, D. J., Wolfle, T. L., Akil, H., Carder, B., & Liebeskind, J. C. (1971) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.174.4016.1351 · Cited by 772
Self-citationPain reduction by focal electrical stimulation of the brain: An anatomical and behavioral analysis
Mayer, D. J., & Liebeskind, J. C. (1974) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90534-4 · Cited by 719
Antagonism of Stimulation-Produced Analgesia by Naloxone, a Narcotic Antagonist
Akil, H., Mayer, D. J., & Liebeskind, J. C. (1976) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1251210 · Cited by 669
Self-citationSensations Evoked by Stimulation in the Midbrain of Man
Nashold, B. S., Wilson, W. P., & Slaughter, D. G. (1969) · Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1969.30.1.0014 · Cited by 549
Richardson, D. E., & Akil, H. (1977) · Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1977.47.2.0178 · Cited by 441
Self-citationLiebeskind, J. C., Guilbaud, G., Besson, J.-M., & Oliveras, J.-L. (1973) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(73)90748-8 · Cited by 439
Cited by
Translational principles of deep brain stimulation
Kringelbach, M. L., Jenkinson, N., Owen, S. L. F., & Aziz, T. Z. (2007) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2196 · Cited by 853
Hosobuchi, Y., Adams, J. E., & Linchitz, R. (1977) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.301658 · Cited by 757
Probing and regulating dysfunctional circuits using deep brain stimulation
Lozano, A. M., & Lipsman, N. (2013) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.01.020 · Cited by 665
Richardson, D. E., & Akil, H. (1977) · Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1977.47.2.0178 · Cited by 441
Self-citationDeep brain stimulation for pain relief: A meta-analysis
Bittar, R. G., Kar-Purkayastha, I., Owen, S. L., Bear, R. E., Green, A., Wang, S., & Aziz, T. Z. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2004.10.005 · Cited by 396
Metadata
- Authors
- Richardson, D. E., & Akil, H.
- Venue
- Journal of Neurosurgery
- Published
- 1977-08
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 184-194
- ISSN
- 0022-3085 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1574530685
- Cited by
- 443
- References
- 17
- FWCI
- 34.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Pain reduction by electrical brain stimulation in man: Part 2: Chronic self-administration in the periventricular gray matter. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3171/jns.1977.47.2.0184
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- Richardson, D. E., & Akil, H. (1977). Pain reduction by electrical brain stimulation in man: Part 2: Chronic self-administration in the periventricular gray matter. Journal of Neurosurgery. https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1977.47.2.0184
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
