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Susceptibility Rhythm to E. coli Endotoxin and Bioassay.
Abstract
Light-synchronized periodicity analysis reveals a susceptibility rhythm in C mice to E. coli endotoxin. Susceptibility varies predictably and significantly along the 24-hour time scale. A dose of endotoxin which is compatible with survival of most animals when given during middle of daily dark period is highly lethal when it is given 8-12 hours earlier or later. LD50 also was determined for 2 samples from identical batch of endotoxin tested 12 h apart on separate groups of comparable C mice kept under conditions standardized for periodicity analysis: Differences in potency significant at 1% were seen at 2 dose levels common to both assays, the computed “potency ratio” being 3.22.
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“Conversely, there are hints that owing to an overshooting proinflammatory cytokine response, the immediate defense of antigen is impaired during sleep, particularly during SWS (508,627,693,779).”
From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [508]
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“The link between the circadian and the immune systems has been extensively investigated [2-4].”
BackgroundEditorial: Circadian Control of Immunity
Ikuta, K., & Scheiermann, C. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.618843 · Cited by 4
“Within the immune system, it has long been known that the organism’s response to immune stimulation is highly time-of-day dependent, resulting in overactivation and even death (3).”
BackgroundTemporal Orchestration of Immunity: How Circadian Clocks Coordinate Immune Responses
Jiang, Y., Liu, C., & Zhong, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark · doi:10.31083/fbl39948 · Cited by 5
“Experimental models demonstrate that LPS-induced endotoxic shock exhibits marked temporal variation in severity [109], with macrophages serving as primary effectors in innate immune activation [62].”
Owolabi, A., Schneider, P., & Reece, S. E. (2024) · Evolutionary Applications · doi:10.1111/eva.13696 · Cited by 6
“For example, the time of day when infection occurs can determine the life- or-death outcomes of infection for taxonomically diverse hosts, including Arabidopsis , Drosophila and mice (Halberg et al., 1960 ; Heipertz et al., 2018; Hevia et al., 2015; Sengupta et al., 2019; Stone et al., 2012).”
BackgroundReciprocal Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Immune Function
Borniger, J. C., Cissé, Y. M., Surbhi, & Nelson, R. J. (2017) · Current Sleep Medicine Reports · doi:10.1007/s40675-017-0070-7 · Cited by 6
Rhythmic Changes in Clinical Laboratory Values
Sollberger, A. (1976) · CRC Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences · doi:10.3109/10408367609151572 · Cited by 5
STUDIES ON THE BIOLOGIC RELATIONSHIP OF ENDOTOXIN AND OTHER TOXIC PROTEINS
Staab, E. V., Condie, R. M., & Good, R. A. (1962) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.115.3.579 · Cited by 5
“An LD100 is difficult to establish with endotoxin; in every group of rabbits injected with massive doses of endotoxin, occasional rabbits survive, a variabil i ty a t t r ibuted to age differences (11), daily cyclic phenomena (12), nutr i t ional state (13), changes in intestinal flora (14), and even seasonal variatio…”
Metadata
- Authors
- Halberg, F., Johnson, E. A., Brown, B. W., & Bittner, J. J.
- Venue
- Experimental Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 1960-01-01
- Volume
- 103
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 142-144
- ISSN
- 0071-3384 (ISSN-L)
- 1535-3702
- 1535-3699
- OpenAlex
- W2321428190
- Cited by
- 280
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 3.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Experimental Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- endotoxin, Escherichia coli, circadian rhythm, periodicity analysis, light synchronization, mice, LD50, dose-response relationship, time of administration
- MeSH terms
- Biological Assay, Endotoxins, Escherichia coli, Humans
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