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Cited by 750Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchTraumatic Brain Injury ResearchChild Abuse and Trauma

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 95 of the 95 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Post-traumatic stress disorder: the neurobiological impact of psychological trauma

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Sherin, Jonathan E., Nemeroff, Charles B.·2011·Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
DOI 10.31887/dcns.2011.13.2/jsherinPMC PMC3182008
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Abstract

The classic fight-or-flight response to perceived threat is a reflexive nervous phenomenon thai has obvious survival advantages in evolutionary terms. However, the systems that organize the constellation of reflexive survival behaviors following exposure to perceived threat can under some circumstances become dysregulated in the process. Chronic dysregulation of these systems can lead to functional impairment in certain individuals who become "psychologically traumatized" and suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), A body of data accumulated over several decades has demonstrated neurobiological abnormalities in PTSD patients. Some of these findings offer insight into the pathophysiology of PTSD as well as the biological vulnerability of certain populations to develop PTSD, Several pathological features found in PTSD patients overlap with features found in patients with traumatic brain injury paralleling the shared signs and symptoms of these clinical syndromes.

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Figure 1. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is the body's major response system for stress. The hypothalamus secretes CRH, which binds to receptors on pituitary cells, which produce/release ACTH, which is transported to the adrenal gland where adrenal hormones such as Cortisol are produced/released. The release of Cortisol activates sympathetic nervous pathways and generates negative feedback to both the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary. This negative feedback system appears to be compromised in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone; ACTH, adrenocorticotropin
Figure 1. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is the body's major response system for stress. The hypothalamus secretes CRH, which binds to receptors on pituitary cells, which produce/release ACTH, which is transported to the adrenal gland where adrenal hormones such as Cortisol are produced/released. The release of Cortisol activates sympathetic nervous pathways and generates negative feedback to both the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary. This negative feedback system appears to be compromised in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder. CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone; ACTH, adrenocorticotropinCC BY-NC-ND · PubMed Central

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Show all 95 references

Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. American Psychiatric Association., 1994, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association
  2. Prang AJ., 1999, Psychosom Med., 61, 139, 10.1097/00006842-199903000-00002 · DOI
  3. Gelpin E., 1996, J Clin Psychiatry., 57, 390
  4. Wang LX., PLoS One. In press
  5. Bremner JD., 2008, Prog Brain Res., 167, 171, 10.1016/S0079-6123(07)67012-5 · DOI
  6. Rauch SL., 2003, Neuroreport., 14, 913
  7. Nemeroff CB., 2004, J Clin Psychiatry., 65, 18
  8. Kulka RA., 1990, Trauma and the Vietnam War Generation: Report of Findings from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study. New York, NY: Brunner/Mazel
  9. Van Reekum R., 2000, J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci., 12, 316, 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.12.3.316 · DOI

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Metadata

Authors
Sherin, J. E., & Nemeroff, C. B.
Affiliations
University of Miami (US)
Corresponding author
Sherin, Jonathan E.
ORCID
Nemeroff, Charles B.
Venue
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2011-09-30
Volume
13
Issue
3
Pages
263-278
ISSN
  • 1294-8322 (ISSN-L)
  • 1958-5969
DOI
10.31887/dcns.2011.13.2/jsherin
PMC
PMC3182008
OpenAlex
W1548863913
Cited by
750
References
95
Citations by year
2026: 56 · 2025: 76 · 2024: 86 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 71 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 6
FWCI
17.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, psychological trauma, fight-or-flight response, threat perception, biological vulnerability, pathophysiology, traumatic brain injury
MeSH terms
Endocrine System, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Neurobiology, Neurochemistry, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Stress, Psychological

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