The Roles of ApoC-III on the Metabolism of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins in Humans

Borén, Jan; Packard, Chris J.; Taskinen, Marja-Riitta

doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.00474

Cited by 196Lipid metabolism and disordersLipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

The Roles of ApoC-III on the Metabolism of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins in Humans

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Borén, Jan, Packard, Chris J., Taskinen, Marja-Riitta·2020·Frontiers in Endocrinology

DOI 10.3389/fendo.2020.00474PMC PMC7399058

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Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. It is well established based on evidence accrued during the last three decades that high plasma concentrations of cholesterol-rich atherogenic lipoproteins are causatively linked to CVD, and that lowering these reduces atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in humans.1-9 Historically, most attention has been on low-density lipoproteins (LDL) since these are the most abundant atherogenic lipoproteins in the circulation, and thus the main carrier of cholesterol into the artery wall. However, with the rise of obesity and insulin resistance in many populations, there is increasing interest in the role of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and their metabolic remnants, with accumulating evidence showing they too are causatively linked to CVD. Plasma triglyceride, measured either in the fasting or non-fasting state, is a useful index of the abundance of TRLs and recent research into the biology and genetics of triglyceride heritability has provided new insight into the causal relationship of TRLs with CVD. Of the genetic factors known to influence plasma triglyceride levels variation in APOC3 - the gene for apolipoprotein (apo) C-III - has emerged as being particularly important as a regulator of triglyceride transport and a novel therapeutic target to reduce dyslipidaemia and CVD risk.

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The reduction in apolipoprotein C-III levels by conventional triglyceride-lowering agents such as fibrates and omega-3 fatty acids is modest (10 to 40%).
“Moreover, the reduction in apolipoprotein C-III levels by the conventional triglyceride-lowering agents, such as fibrates and omega-3 fatty acids, is modest (10 to 40%)”
From Olezarsen, Acute Pancreatitis, and Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [34]
The Pharmacological Interventions section describes these reductions as moderate and reports that omega-3 fatty acids reduce plasma apoC-III by 20–30%. It gives the 10–40% range for fibrates’ reduction of APOC3 expression, however, not for their reduction of apoC-III protein levels. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Elevated apoC-III levels are associated with increased circulating TG, impaired remnant clearance, and a heightened burden of atherogenic lipoproteins.
“Elevated apoC-III levels are associated with increased circulating TG, impaired remnant clearance, and a heightened burden of atherogenic lipoproteins.”
From Targeting triglycerides for cardiovascular risk reduction (2026) · cites this paper as [111]
Beyond inhibiting LPL, apoC-III delays hepatic uptake of TRL remnants, contributing to both hypertriglyceridemia and atherosclerotic progression through LPL-independent pathways.
“beyond its inhibitory action on lipoprotein lipase (LPL), apoC-III also delays hepatic uptake of TRL remnants, contributing to both hypertriglyceridemia and atherosclerotic progression through LPL-independent pathways [111]”
From Targeting triglycerides for cardiovascular risk reduction (2026) · cites this paper as [111]
Conventional triglyceride-lowering agents such as fibrates and omega-3 fatty acids have not been effective in lowering triglyceride levels in patients with familial chylomicronemia syndrome.
“and these agents have not been effective in lowering triglyceride levels in patients with familial chylomicronemia syndrome. 21,34”
From Olezarsen, Acute Pancreatitis, and Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [34]
The Pharmacological Interventions section says fibrates have variable effects on APOC3 expression and omega-3 fatty acids moderately reduce apoC-III levels. It reports triglyceride lowering in familial chylomicronemia syndrome with volanesorsen, but does not address whether fibrates or omega-3 fatty acids fail to lower triglycerides in those patients (searched for familial chylomicronemia and conventional treatments). (LLM, conf=0.74)
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Sahebkar, A., Simental‐Mendía, L. E., Mikhailidis, D. P., Pirro, M., Banach, M., Sirtori, C. R., Ruscica, M., & Reiner, Ž. (2018) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2018.01.008 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Two novel mutations in apolipoprotein C3 underlie atheroprotective lipid profiles in families
Bochem, A. E., van Capelleveen, J. C., Dallinga‐Thie, G. M., Schimmel, A. W. M., Motazacker, M. M., Tietjen, I., Singaraja, R. R., Hayden, M. R., Kastelein, J. J. P., Stroes, E. S. G., et al. (2013) · Clinical Genetics · doi:10.1111/cge.12201 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
The hypolipidemic action of bezafibrate therapy in hypertriglyceridemia is mediated by upregulation of lipoprotein lipase: no effects on VLDL substrate affinity to lipolysis or LDL receptor binding
de Man, F. H. A. F., de Beer, F., van der Laarse, A., Jansen, H., Leuven, J. A. G., Souverijn, J. H. M., Vroom, T. F. F. P., Schoormans, S. C. M., Fruchart, J., Havekes, L. M., et al. (2000) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(00)00409-3 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Variations in plasma apolipoprotein C-III levels are strong correlates of the triglyceride response to a high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet and a high-carbohydrate diet
Archer, W. R., Desroches, S., Lamarche, B., Dériaz, O., Landry, N., Fontaine‐Bisson, B., Bergeron, J., Couture, P., & Bergeron, N. (2005) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2005.05.004 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
HDL-associated apoCIII plays an independent role in predicting postprandial hypertriglyceridemia
Zhang, T., Tang, X., Mao, L., Chen, J., Kuang, J., Guo, X., Xu, D., Peng, D., & Yu, B. (2020) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.02.004 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Postprandial concentrations and distribution of apo C-III in type 2 diabetic patients. Effect of bezafibrate treatment
Attia, N., Durlach, V., Cambilleau, M., Roche, D., & Girard-Globa, A. (2000) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(99)00337-8 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Treatment with Volanesorsen (VLN) Reduced Triglycerides and Pancreatitis in Patients with FCS and sHTG vs Placebo: Results of the APPROACH and COMPASS †
Gelrud, A., DIGENIO, A. G., Alexander, V. J., Williams, K. R., Hsieh, A., Gouni‐Berthold, I., Bruckert, É., Stroes, E. S. G., Geary, R. S., Hughes, S. G., et al. (2018) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2018.03.032 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Dual apoC-II mimetic and apoC-III antagonist for hypertriglyceridaemia
Huynh, K. (2020) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-020-0351-6 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Increased Incidence of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events in Cardiovascular Patients With Elevated Apolipoprotein CIII
Olivieri, O., Cappellari, M., Turcato, G., Bonetti, B., Girelli, D., Pizzolo, F., Friso, S., Bassi, A., Castagna, A., & Martinelli, N. (2019) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.119.026811 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Is APOC3 the driver of cardiovascular disease in people with type I diabetes mellitus?
Ginsberg, H. N., & Reyes‐Soffer, G. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci131333 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

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Metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in health and dyslipidaemia
Borén, J., Taskinen, M.-R., Björnson, E., & Packard, C. J. (2022) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-022-00676-y · Cited by 315 · see citing works
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Olezarsen, Acute Pancreatitis, and Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome
Stroes, E. S. G., Alexander, V. J., Karwatowska-Prokopczuk, E., Hegele, R. A., Arca, M., Ballantyne, C. M., Soran, H., Prohaska, T. A., Xia, S., Ginsberg, H. N., et al. (2024) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2400201 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Saturated fats and cardiovascular health: Current evidence and controversies
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Physiological Bases for the Superiority of Apolipoprotein B Over Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Non–High‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Marker of Cardiovascular Risk
Glavinovic, T., Thanassoulis, G., Graaf, J. D., Couture, P., Hegele, R. A., & Sniderman, A. D. (2022) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.122.025858 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in atherogenesis
Borén, J., Packard, C. J., & Binder, C. J. (2025) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-024-01111-0 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
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Kim, K., Ginsberg, H. N., & Choi, S. H. (2022) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2022.0198 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
APOC-III: a Gatekeeper in Controlling Triglyceride Metabolism
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Zhang, B., Yin, F., Qiao, Y.-N., & Guo, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2022.909151 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Metabolism: Key Regulators of Their Flux
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Exploring apolipoprotein C-III: pathophysiological and pharmacological relevance
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Target Populations for Novel Triglyceride-Lowering Therapies
Nordestgaard, A. T., Tybjærg-Hansen, A., Mansbach, H., Kersten, S., Nordestgaard, B. G., & Rosenson, R. S. (2025) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.02.035 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Mass spectrometry-intensive top-down proteomics: an update on technology advancements and biomedical applications
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Remnant cholesterol and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Metabolism, mechanism, evidence, and treatment
Wang, K., Wang, R., Yang, J., Liu, X., Shen, H., Sun, Y., Zhou, Y., Fang, Z. A., & Ge, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.913869 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
APOC3 inhibition with volanesorsen reduces hepatic steatosis in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia
Prohaska, T. A., Alexander, V. J., Karwatowska‐Prokopczuk, E., Tami, J. A., Xia, S., Witztum, J. L., & Tsimikas, S. (2023) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2023.04.007 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Nanoparticles and siRNA: a new era in therapeutics?
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Apolipoprotein C3: form begets function
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Sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic health: Integrating the potential underlying molecular health aspects
Franssen, W. M. A., Nieste, I., Verboven, K., & Eijnde, B. O. (2025) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2025.156320 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The Regulation of Triacylglycerol Metabolism and Lipoprotein Lipase Activity
Wen, Y., Chen, Y., & Konrad, R. J. (2022) · Advanced Biology · doi:10.1002/adbi.202200093 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
The chylomicron saga: time to focus on postprandial metabolism
Gugliucci, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1322869 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
The Lipid Energy Model: Reimagining Lipoprotein Function in the Context of Carbohydrate-Restricted Diets
Norwitz, N. G., Soto-Mota, A., Kaplan, B., Ludwig, D. S., Budoff, M. J., Kontush, A., & Feldman, D. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12050460 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Severe hypertriglyceridemia: Existing and emerging therapies
Malick, W. A., Do, R., & Rosenson, R. S. (2023) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108544 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Quartet of APOCs and the Different Roles They Play in Diabetes
Hsu, C.-C., Kanter, J. E., Kothari, V. M., & Bornfeldt, K. (2023) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.122.318290 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Intracellular Cholesterol TraffickingPreprint
Ikonen, E., & Olkkonen, V. M. (2023) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a041404 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Biosynthesis and Metabolism of ApoB-Containing Lipoproteins
Borén, J., Taskinen, M., & Packard, C. J. (2024) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-062222-020716 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
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Clinical Trial Design for Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein-Lowering Therapies
Malick, W. A., Waksman, O., Do, R., Köenig, W., Pradhan, A. D., Stroes, E. S. G., & Rosenson, R. S. (2023) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2023.02.034 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
A Review of Progress on Targeting LDL Receptor-Dependent and -Independent Pathways for the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia, a Major Risk Factor of ASCVD
Srivastava, R. A. K. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12121648 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
A lifestyle intervention with an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet and physical activity enhances HDL function: a substudy of the PREDIMED-Plus randomized controlled trial
Sanllorente, A., Soria-Florido, M. T., Castañer, O., Lassale, C. M., Salas‐Salvadó, J., Martínez‐González, M. Á., Subirana, I., Ros, E., Corella, D., Estruch, R., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab246 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Advances in nucleic acid-targeted therapies for cardiovascular disease prevention
Makhmudova, U., Steinhagen‐Thiessen, E., Volpe, M., & Landmesser, U. (2024) · Cardiovascular Research · doi:10.1093/cvr/cvae136 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Postprandial metabolism of apolipoproteins B48, B100, C-III, and E in humans with APOC3 loss-of-function mutations
Taskinen, M., Björnson, E., Matikainen, N., Söderlund, S., Rämö, J. T., Ainola, M., Hakkarainen, A., Sihlbom, C., Thorsell, A., Andersson, L. K., et al. (2022) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.160607 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
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Apolipoprotein C-III inhibition to lower triglycerides: one ring to rule them all?
Hegele, R. A. (2022) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab890 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Genetic Polymorphisms and Diversity in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Mini Review
Sulaiman, S. A., Dorairaj, V., & Adrus, M. N. H. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11010106 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Apolipoproteins as potential communicators play an essential role in the pathogenesis and treatment of early atherosclerosis
Yang, L., Luo, X., Hua, Z., Xue, X., Wang, X., Pang, M., Wang, T., Lü, A., & Liu, Y. (2023) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.86475 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Genetics of Cholesterol-Related Genes in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review of Current Evidence
Wong, S. K., Ramli, F. F., Ali, A., & Ibrahim, N. ‘. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10123239 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Cholesterol transport and beyond: Illuminating the versatile functions of HDL apolipoproteins through structural insights and functional implications
Bhale, A. S., Meilhac, O., d’Hellencourt, C. L., Vijayalakshmi, M. A., & Venkataraman, K. (2024) · BioFactors · doi:10.1002/biof.2057 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein C3 induces inflammasome activation only in its delipidated form
Hsu, C.-C., Shao, B., Kanter, J. E., He, Y., Vaisar, T., Witztum, J. L., Snell‐Bergeon, J. K., McInnes, G., Bruse, S., Gottesman, O., et al. (2023) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41590-023-01423-2 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Impact of Platelet-to-HDL-Cholesterol Ratio on Long-Term Mortality in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with or Without Type 2 Diabetes: Insights from a Chinese Multicenter Cohort
Wu, W., Jia, C., Xu, X., He, Y., Xie, Y., Zhou, Y., Lu, H., Liu, J., Chen, J., & Liu, Y. (2024) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s458950 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Translating atherosclerosis research from bench to bedside: navigating the barriers for effective preclinical drug discovery
May, L. T., Bartolo, B. A. D., Harrison, D. G., Guzik, T. J., Drummond, G. R., Figtree, G. A., Ritchie, R. H., Rye, K., & de Haan, J. B. (2022) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20210862 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Contribution of intestinal triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes on statin therapy
Taskinen, M., Matikainen, N., Björnson, E., Söderlund, S., Inkeri, J., Hakkarainen, A., Parviainen, H., Sihlbom, C., Thorsell, A., Andersson, L. K., et al. (2023) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-023-06008-0 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citation
Unravelling lipoprotein metabolism with stable isotopes: tracing the flow
Ying, Q., Chan, D. C., Barrett, P. H. R., & Watts, G. F. (2021) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154887 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The Remnant Lipoprotein Hypothesis of Diabetes-Associated Cardiovascular Disease
Bornfeldt, K. (2022) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.122.317163 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Molecular Regulation and Therapeutic Targeting of VLDL Production in Cardiometabolic Disease
Burks, K. H., Stitziel, N. O., & Davidson, N. O. (2024) · Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.101409 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Role of GALNT2 on Insulin Sensitivity, Lipid Metabolism and Fat Homeostasis
Antonucci, A., Marucci, A., Trischitta, V., & Paola, R. D. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23020929 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Two decades of vaccine development against atherosclerosis
Moreno‐Gonzalez, M. A., Ortega-Rivera, O. A., & Steinmetz, N. F. (2023) · Nano Today · doi:10.1016/j.nantod.2023.101822 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Multifaceted Role of Apolipoprotein C3 in Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Metabolic Disorder in Diabetes
Pan, B.-Y., Chen, C.-S., Chen, F.-Y., & Shen, M.-Y. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms252312759 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Triglycerides, Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins, and Remnant Cholesterol in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Jo, S. (2025) · Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis · doi:10.12997/jla.2025.14.3.247 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Lowering apolipoprotein CIII protects against high-fat diet–induced metabolic derangements
Valladolid‐Acebes, I., Åvall, K., Recio-López, P., Moruzzi, N., Bryzgalova, G., Björnholm, M., Krook, A., Fauste, E., Ericsson, M., Landfors, F., et al. (2021) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abc2931 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Is Apo-CIII the new cardiovascular target? An analysis of its current clinical and dietetic therapies
Soto, L. G. D. L. P., Gutierrez-Uribe, J. A., Sharma, A. K., & Ramírez‐Jiménez, A. K. (2021) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.035 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
DNA Methylation Near CPT1A and Changes in Triglyceride-rich Lipoproteins in Response to Weight-loss Diet Interventions
Li, X., Shao, X., Xue, Q., Kou, M., Champagne, C. M., Koseva, B. S., Heianza, Y., Grundberg, E., Bazzano, L., Bray, G. A., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad086 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Sugar and Dyslipidemia: A Double-Hit, Perfect Storm
Gugliucci, A. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12175660 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
A Tale of Two New Targets for Hypertriglyceridaemia: Which Choice of Therapy?
Ward, N. C., Chan, D. C., & Watts, G. F. (2022) · BioDrugs · doi:10.1007/s40259-022-00520-2 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein C‐III predicts cardiovascular events and mortality in individuals with type 1 diabetes and albuminuria
Sigfrids, F. J., Stechemesser, L., Dahlström, E. H., Forsblom, C. M., Harjutsalo, V., Weitgasser, R., Taskinen, M., Groop, P., & the FinnDiane Study Group (2021) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13412 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Dose-Response Effects of Consuming High Fructose Corn Syrup-Sweetened Beverages on Hepatic Lipid Content and Insulin Sensitivity in Young Adults
Sigala, D. M., Hieronimus, B., Medici, V., Lee, V., Nuñez, M. V., Bremer, A. A., Cox, C. L., Price, C. A., Benyam, Y., Abdelhafez, Y. G., et al. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14081648 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein CIII Is an Important Piece in the Type-1 Diabetes Jigsaw Puzzle
Valladolid‐Acebes, I., Berggren, P., & Juntti‐Berggren, L. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22020932 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Recognition and management of persistent chylomicronemia: A Joint Expert Clinical Consensus by the National Lipid Association and the American Society for Preventive Cardiology
Saadatagah, S., Larouche, M., Naderian, M., Nambi, V., Brisson, D., Kullo, I. J., Duell, P. B., Michos, E. D., Shapiro, M. D., Watts, G. F., et al. (2025) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2025.03.012 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Recognition and management of persistent chylomicronemia: A joint expert clinical consensus by the National Lipid Association and the American Society for Preventive Cardiology
Saadatagah, S., Larouche, M., Naderian, M., Nambi, V., Brisson, D., Kullo, I. J., Duell, P. B., Michos, E. D., Shapiro, M. D., Watts, G. F., et al. (2025) · American Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100978 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
ER Disposal Pathways in Chronic Liver Disease: Protective, Pathogenic, and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Duwaerts, C. C., & Maiers, J. L. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2021.804097 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Olezarsen, a liver-directed APOC3 ASO therapy for hypertriglyceridemia
Hooper, A. J., Bell, D. A., & Burnett, J. R. (2024) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1080/14656566.2024.2408369 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein C-III inhibitors for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
de Souza, M. D. M., Mendes, B. X., Defante, M. L. R., Morais, B. A. D. A. D. H., Martins, O. C., Prizão, V. M., & Romaniello, G. (2025) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2025.156187 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Combinations of an acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitor with hepatic lipid modulating agents do not augment antifibrotic efficacy in preclinical models of NASH and fibrosis
Vijayakumar, A., Ökesli, A., Wang, T., Olson, I. A., Seung, M., Kusam, S., Hollenback, D., Mahadevan, S., Marchand, B., Toteva, M. M., et al. (2022) · Hepatology Communications · doi:10.1002/hep4.2011 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Large-Scale Analysis of Apolipoprotein CIII Glycosylation by Ultrahigh Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Demus, D., Naber, A., Dotz, V., Jansen, B. C., Bladergroen, M. R., Nouta, J., Sijbrands, E. J. G., van Hoek, M., Nicolardi, S., & Wuhrer, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Chemistry · doi:10.3389/fchem.2021.678883 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Recent Apolipoprotein CIII trials
Tramontano, D., Bini, S., D’Erasmo, L., & Arca, M. (2022) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000849 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein C3-Rich Low-Density Lipoprotein Induces Endothelial Cell Senescence via FBXO31 and Its Inhibition by Sesamol In Vitro and In Vivo
Tsai, P.-H., Chen, L.-Z., Tseng, K.-F., Chen, F.-Y., & Shen, M. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10040854 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein-CIII O-Glycosylation Is Associated with Micro- and Macrovascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes
Naber, A., Demus, D., Slieker, R. C., Nicolardi, S., Beulens, J. W. J., Elders, P. J. M., Lieverse, A. G., Sijbrands, E. J. G., Hart, L. M. ‘., Wuhrer, M., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25105365 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Lipid profiles of patients with manifest coronary versus peripheral atherosclerosis – Is there a difference?
Leiherer, A., Muendlein, A., Brandtner, E. M., Säly, C., Ramadani, H., Vonbank, A., MADER, A., Dopheide, J. F., Jylhä, A., Lääperi, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.13368 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Multiplexed assays of human disease-relevant mutations reveal UTR dinucleotide composition as a major determinant of RNA stabilityPreprint
Su, J.-Y., Wang, Y.-L., Hsieh, Y.-T., Chang, Y.-C., Yang, C., Kang, Y., Huang, Y., & Lin, C. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.97682 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Angiopoietin-like Proteins and Lipoprotein Lipase: The Waltz Partners That Govern Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Metabolism? Impact on Atherogenesis, Dietary Interventions, and Emerging Therapies
Gugliucci, A. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13175229 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Plasma reduction of apolipoprotein C-III with olezarsen leads to significant reductions in postprandial triglyceride levels: results from a randomized trial
Kraaijenhof, J. M., Peletier, M. C., Nurmohamed, N. S., Hovingh, G. K., Alexander, V. J., Tsimikas, S., Stroes, E. S. G., & Kroon, J. (2025) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwaf478 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Apolipoproteins—New Biomarkers of Overweight and Obesity among Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors?
Sztolsztener, K., Żywno, H., Hodun, K., Konończuk, K., Muszyńska-Rosłan, K. M., & Latoch, E. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms231810634 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
RNA interference-based therapies for the control of atherosclerosis risk factors
Kettunen, S., Ruotsalainen, A., & Ylä‐Herttuala, S. (2022) · Current Opinion in Cardiology · doi:10.1097/hco.0000000000000972 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
A New Modality in Dyslipidemia Treatment: Antisense Oligonucleotide Therapy
Kim, K., & Choi, S. H. (2022) · Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis · doi:10.12997/jla.2022.11.3.250 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Mediterranean Diet, Energy Restriction, Physical Activity, and Atherogenicity of Very‐Low Density Lipoproteins: Findings from Two Randomized Controlled Trials
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Authors: Borén, J., Packard, C. J., & Taskinen, M.-R.
Affiliations: University of Gothenburg (SE)
University of Glasgow (GB)
University of Helsinki (FI)
Corresponding author: Borén, Jan
ORCID: Borén, Jan
Packard, Chris J.
Taskinen, Marja-Riitta
Venue: Frontiers in Endocrinology
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2020-07-28
Volume: 11
Pages: 474-474
ISSN: 1664-2392 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00474
PMC: PMC7399058
OpenAlex: W3045911834
Cited by: 196
References: 149
Citations by year: 2026: 46 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 1
FWCI: 3.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Frontiers in Endocrinology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
Funders: Vetenskapsrådet
Hjärt-Lungfonden
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: apolipoprotein C-III, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, triglyceride metabolism, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, plasma triglycerides, atherogenic lipoproteins, triglyceride transport, obesity, insulin resistance
MeSH terms: Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Lipoproteins, Triglycerides, Atherosclerosis, Lipid Metabolism, Apolipoprotein C-III

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The Roles of ApoC-III on the Metabolism of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins in Humans

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