Effect of Tai Chi on Quality of Life, Body Mass Index, and Waist-Hip Ratio in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide public health concern with high morbidity and various progressive diabetes complications that result in serious economic expenditure and social burden. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of Tai Chi on improving quality of life (QoL), body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) in patients with T2DM. Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following PRISMA recommendation. Four English databases and three Chinese databases were searched. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of including studies. Study inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies were included, patients with T2DM that adopted Tai Chi as intervention and QoL, BMI and/or WHR as outcome measurements. Results: Eighteen trials were included. The aggregated results of seven trials showed that Tai Chi statistically significantly improved QoL measured by the SF-36 on every domains (physical function: MD = 7.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.76 to 13.71, p = 0.01; role-physical function: MD = 9.76, 95% CI = 6.05 to 13.47, p < 0.001; body pain: MD = 8.49, 95% CI = 1.18 to 15.8, p = 0.02; general health: MD = 9.80, 95% CI = 5.77 to 13.82, p < 0.001; vitality: MD = 6.70, 95% CI = 0.45 to 12.94, p = 0.04; social function: MD = 9.1, 95% CI = 4.75 to 13.45, p < 0.001; role-emotional function: MD = 7.88, 95% CI = 4.03 to 11.72, p < 0.001; mental health: MD = 5.62, 95% CI = 1.57 to 9.67, p = 0.006) and BMI (MD = −1.53, 95% CI = −2.71 to −0.36, p < 0.001) compared with control group (wait list; no intervention; usual care; sham exercise). Conclusion: Tai Chi could improve QoL and decrease BMI for patients with T2DM, more studies are needed to be conducted in accordance with suggestions mentioned in this review.
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A review found regular tai-chi improved quality of life and decreased BMI by an average of 1.5 kg/m2 in patients with type 2 diabetes.
“Another review showed overall improvement in quality of life and BMI (average decrease of 1.5 kg/m 2 ) in patients with T2DM who participated in regular tai-chi.”
From The Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (2025) · cites this paper as [71]
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- Authors
- Qin, J., Chen, Y., Guo, S., You, Y., Xu, Y., Wu, J., Liu, Z., Huang, J., Chen, L., & Tao, J.
- Affiliations
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Tao, Jing
- ORCID
- Venue
- Frontiers in Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-01-19
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- 543627-543627
- ISSN
- 1664-2392 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7851054
- OpenAlex
- W3123183840
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 10
- FWCI
- 1.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Endocrinology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2019YFC1710301)
- Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology (2018Y2002)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- Tai Chi, type 2 diabetes, quality of life, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, SF-36, physical function, mental health, body weight, abdominal obesity, exercise intervention, diabetes complications prevention, glycemic control, blood pressure, lipid profile, blood glucose, serum lipids, coagulation
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Quality of Life, Body Mass Index, Tai Ji, Waist-Hip Ratio
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