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Cited by 24Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumMaternal and Perinatal Health InterventionsMaternal and Neonatal Healthcare

Proactive approaches to preventing postpartum depression in non-depressive pregnant women: a comprehensive scoping review

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Nguyen, Nga Thi, Pengpid, Supa·2025·Frontiers in Global Women's Health
DOI 10.3389/fgwh.2025.1497740PMC PMC12014592
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Abstract

Introduction: Postpartum depression is a significant global health challenge that affects mothers, infants, and families. Although various preventive strategies show promise, comprehensive reviews evaluating interventions among pregnant women without a clinical diagnosis of depression remain limited. This scoping review aims to identify and synthesize the existing evidence on proactive postpartum depression prevention programs initiated during pregnancy. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews, we systematically searched PubMed and Scopus, supplemented by manual reference reviews. Our search strategy combined terms related to postpartum depression, pregnancy, and preventive interventions. Studies were included if they evaluated interventions conducted during pregnancy, targeting women without a clinical diagnosis of depression, and assessed PPD outcomes using established diagnostic criteria or validated screening tools. Only English-language articles published between 2013 and 2023 were considered. Results: A total of 49 studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions were categorized into nine themes: psychoeducation ( n = 18), home visits ( n = 6), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) ( n = 6), mindfulness ( n = 6), exercise ( n = 4), dietary supplements ( n = 3), interpersonal therapy (IPT) ( n = 4), consultation ( n = 1), and inhalation aromatherapy ( n = 1). Psychoeducational and mindfulness-based interventions consistently reduce PPD risk, particularly when delivered in structured, theory-driven formats and incorporating family support. Digital CBT interventions demonstrated limited effectiveness due to lower engagement, while home-visit and consultation-based interventions were effective when integrated into existing maternal healthcare despite scalability challenges. Exercise and dietary supplement interventions yielded inconsistent outcomes, indicating that factors such as adherence, duration, and intensity are crucial determinants of effectiveness. Conclusion: Various proactive interventions are available to prevent PPD, and this scoping review systematically maps the different strategies used and their outcomes. Proactive, theory-based, and multi-component interventions, particularly psychoeducational and mindfulness programs, demonstrate promising potential. Future research should emphasize evaluating long-term outcomes, optimizing digital engagement strategies, and developing culturally tailored models to enhance scalability and accessibility across diverse populations, including low-resource settings.

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  • Recent cross-cultural findings link low perceived social support and role-expectation strain with worsened postpartum-depression outcomes.

    “Finally, recent cross-cultural findings link low perceived social support and role-expectation strain with worsened postpartum-depression outcomes, reinforcing our results and offering a nuanced understanding that can inform future international collaboration and culturally sensitive program design [49–51].”

    From Understanding mothers’ lived experiences of postpartum depression: a qualitative phenomenological study (2025) · cites this paper as [50]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) identifies low family and spousal support as risk factors for postpartum depression and social support as protective. The Discussion addresses role transitions and interpersonal conflicts in prevention, but does not establish that role-expectation strain worsens postpartum-depression outcomes across cultures. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Nguyen, N. T., & Pengpid, S.
Affiliations
Mahidol University (TH)
Corresponding author
Pengpid, Supa
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Global Women's Health
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2025-04-09
Volume
6
Pages
1497740-1497740
ISSN
2673-5059 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fgwh.2025.1497740
PMC
PMC12014592
OpenAlex
W4409308365
Cited by
24
References
15
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 6
FWCI
3.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2026-10-01)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Global Women s Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Mahidol University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
Keywords
postpartum depression, prevention, pregnancy, psychoeducational intervention, mindfulness-based interventions, cognitive behavioral therapy, digital interventions, home visit intervention, family support, physical activity, dietary supplements, maternal mental health, screening tool

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