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Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition Represents a Key Link in the Interaction between Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction
Open accessAbstract
Endothelial cells that line the inner walls of blood vessels are in direct contact with blood and display remarkable heterogeneity in their response to exogenous stimuli. These endothelial cells have unique location-dependent properties determined by the corresponding vascular beds and play an important role in regulating the homeostasis of the vascular system. Evidence suggests that vascular endothelial cells exposed to various environments undergo dynamic phenotypic switching, a key biological program in the context of endothelial heterogeneity, but that might result in endothelial cell dysfunction and, in turn, cause a variety of human diseases. Emerging studies show the importance of endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in endothelial dysfunction during inflammation. EndMT is a complex biological process in which endothelial cells lose their endothelial characteristics, acquire mesenchymal phenotypes, and express mesenchymal cell markers such as alpha smooth muscle actin and fibroblast specific protein 1. EndMT is induced by inflammatory responses, leading to pathological states, including tissue fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and atherosclerosis, via dysfunction of the vascular system. Although the mechanisms associated with inflammation-induced EndMT have been identified, unraveling the specific role of this phenotypic switching in vascular dysfunction remains a challenge. Here, we review the current understanding on the interactions between inflammatory processes, EndMT, and endothelial dysfunction, with a focus on the mechanisms that regulate essential signaling pathways. Identification of such mechanisms will guide future research and could provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of vascular diseases.
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“In human and animal models, sleep disturbances pre- and post-surgery have been shown to be associated with prolonged postoperative recovery time and increased pain (reviewed in Refs. 110, 229, 571), one of the cardinal signs of inflammation.”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [110]
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“Atherosclerosis lesions mostly comprise EndMT-derived fibroblast-like cells, which are regulated by various EndMT mediators, such as snail, slug, and β-catenin (84, 111, 112).”
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The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease
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Metadata
- Authors
- Cho, J. G., Lee, A., Chang, W., Lee, M.-S., & Kim, J.
- Affiliations
- Sookmyung Women's University (KR)
- Pusan National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Jongmin
- Venue
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2018-02-20
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 294-294
- ISSN
- 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5826197
- OpenAlex
- W2793749910
- Cited by
- 284
- References
- 123
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 7
- FWCI
- 2.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation (NRF-2016R1A5A1011974)
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2016R1A5A1011974, NRF-2016R1C1B2006591, 2016R1A5A1011974)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Keywords
- endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, endothelial heterogeneity, fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, vascular dysfunction, signaling pathways, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Inflammation, Vascular Diseases, Endothelial Cells, Cell Transdifferentiation
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