NEK7 is an essential mediator of NLRP3 activation downstream of potassium efflux
Open accessAbstract
Inflammasomes are intracellular protein complexes that drive the activation of inflammatory caspases. So far, four inflammasomes involving NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4 and AIM2 have been described that recruit the common adaptor protein ASC to activate caspase-1, leading to the secretion of mature IL-1β and IL-18 proteins. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several acquired inflammatory diseases as well as cryopyrin-associated periodic fever syndromes (CAPS) caused by inherited NLRP3 mutations. Potassium efflux is a common step that is essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by many stimuli. Despite extensive investigation, the molecular mechanism leading to NLRP3 activation in response to potassium efflux remains unknown. Here we report the identification of NEK7, a member of the family of mammalian NIMA-related kinases (NEK proteins), as an NLRP3-binding protein that acts downstream of potassium efflux to regulate NLRP3 oligomerization and activation. In the absence of NEK7, caspase-1 activation and IL-1β release were abrogated in response to signals that activate NLRP3, but not NLRC4 or AIM2 inflammasomes. NLRP3-activating stimuli promoted the NLRP3-NEK7 interaction in a process that was dependent on potassium efflux. NLRP3 associated with the catalytic domain of NEK7, but the catalytic activity of NEK7 was shown to be dispensable for activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Activated macrophages formed a high-molecular-mass NLRP3-NEK7 complex, which, along with ASC oligomerization and ASC speck formation, was abrogated in the absence of NEK7. NEK7 was required for macrophages containing the CAPS-associated NLRP3(R258W) activating mutation to activate caspase-1. Mouse chimaeras reconstituted with wild-type, Nek7(-/-) or Nlrp3(-/-) haematopoietic cells showed that NEK7 was required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vivo. These studies demonstrate that NEK7 is an essential protein that acts downstream of potassium efflux to mediate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation.
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Decreased K+ levels in the cytosolic microenvironment may lead to NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation through Nek7 binding, culminating in secretion of IL-1β and IL-18.
“Decreased K+ levels in the cytosolic microenvironment may lead to NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation through NIMA-related serine/threonine kinase 7 (Nek7) binding, which culminates in the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18 [151,152]”
From P2X7 Receptor Signaling in Stress and Depression (2019) · cites this paper as [151]
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“…activity, NeK7 has since been identified as a scaffolding component of the NlRP3 inflammasome which is a key driver of pro-inflammatory signaling (He et al. 2016; Sharif et al. 2019). it has been suggested these dual functions are mutually exclusive from each other and NeK7 appears to behave as…”
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- Authors
- He, Y., Zeng, M. Y., Yang, D., Motro, B., & Núñez, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- East China University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Núñez, Gabriel
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2016-01-27
- Volume
- 530
- Issue
- 7590
- Pages
- 354-357
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC4810788
- OpenAlex
- W2254807163
- Cited by
- 1,295
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 139 · 2025: 153 · 2024: 165 · 2023: 148 · 2022: 167 · 2021: 123 · 2020: 127 · 2019: 95 · 2018: 83 · 2017: 67 · 2016: 28
- FWCI
- 47.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007517)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI063331, R37AI063331)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK034933, R01DK091191, T32DK094775)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Keywords
- NEK7, NLRP3 inflammasome, inflammasome activation, potassium efflux, NIMA-related kinases, caspase-1 activation, IL-1β secretion, macrophages, innate immunity, NLRC4
- MeSH terms
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, NIMA-Related Kinases, Animals, Carrier Proteins, Cells, Cultured, Enzyme Activation, Humans, Macrophages, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Potassium, Protein Binding, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Catalytic Domain, Caspase 1, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Mice, CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins, Interleukin-1beta, Biocatalysis, Protein Multimerization, Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes, HEK293 Cells, Inflammasomes
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