The DOI matches its Crossref record; 141 of the 146 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 5 are not checked yet.
Immune Response, Inflammation, and the Clinical Spectrum of COVID-19
Open accessAbstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic began in December 2019 in Wuhan (China) and rapidly extended to become a global sanitary and economic emergency. Its etiological agent is the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 presents a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, which ranges from an asymptomatic infection to a severe pneumonia accompanied by multisystemic failure that can lead to a patient's death. The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is known to involve all the components of the immune system that together appear responsible for viral elimination and recovery from the infection. Nonetheless, such immune responses are implicated in the disease's progression to a more severe and lethal process. This review describes the general aspects of both COVID-19 and its etiological agent SARS-CoV-2, stressing the similarities with other severe coronavirus infections, such as SARS and MERS, but more importantly, pointing toward the evidence supporting the hypothesis that the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 is a consequence of the corresponding variable spectrum of the immune responses to the virus. The critical point where progression of the disease ensues appears to center on loss of the immune regulation between protective and altered responses due to exacerbation of the inflammatory components. Finally, it appears possible to delineate certain major challenges deserving of exhaustive investigation to further understand COVID-19 immunopathogenesis, thus helping to design more effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic strategies.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Among them, IL-6 is a major player in chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, cancer and cytokine storm (1, 3, 10–26).”
From IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer (2021) · cites this paper as [16]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Consistent with the notion that severe COVID-19 is a cytokine storm syndrome (12–17, 336), the severity of COVID-19 is associated with an increased level of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and TNFα (333, 337).”
From IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer (2021) · cites this paper as [16]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“ARDS in COVID-19 is considered the result of cytokine storm (12–17), resembling the disease caused by SARS-CoV-1 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) (335).”
From IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer (2021) · cites this paper as [16]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
2 retracted
Wang, X., Xu, W., Hu, G., Xia, S., Sun, Z., Liu, Z., Xie, Y., Zhang, R., Jiang, S., & Lu, L. (2020) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-020-0498-4 · Cited by 175
RetractedWang, X., Xu, W., Hu, G., Xia, S., Sun, Z., Liu, Z., Xie, Y., Zhang, R., Jiang, S., & Lu, L. (2020) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-020-0424-9 · Cited by 162
RetractedClinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30183-5 · Cited by 48,884
Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China
Guan, W.-J., Ni, Z.-Y., Hu, Y., Liang, W.-H., Ou, C.-Q., He, J.-X., Liu, L., Shan, H., Lei, C.-L., Hui, D. S. C., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2002032 · Cited by 30,246
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
Zhou, P., Yang, X.-L., Wang, X.-G., Hu, B., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Si, H.-R., Zhu, Y., Li, B., Huang, C.-L., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7 · Cited by 21,969
Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30211-7 · Cited by 21,415
Hoffmann, M., Kleine-Weber, H., Schroeder, S., Krüger, N., Herrler, T., Erichsen, S., Schiergens, T. S., Herrler, G., Wu, N.-H., Nitsche, A., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052 · Cited by 20,286
Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y., Ren, R., Leung, K. S. M., Lau, E. H. Y., Wong, J. Y., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001316 · Cited by 16,575
A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China
Wu, F., Zhao, S., Yu, B., Chen, Y.-M., Wang, W., Song, Z.-G., Hu, Y., Tao, Z.-W., Tian, J.-H., Pei, Y.-Y., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3 · Cited by 11,688
COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression
Mehta, P., McAuley, D. F., Brown, M., Sanchez, E., Tattersall, R. S., & Manson, J. J. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30628-0 · Cited by 9,664
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 740
Cocoş, R., Mahler, B., Turcu-Ştiolică, A., Stoichiță, A., Ghinet, A., Shelby, E.-S., & Bohîlțea, L. C. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v14061201 · Cited by 21
Rahni, Z., Hosseini, S. M., Shahrokh, S., Niasar, M. S., Shoraka, S., Mirjalali, H., Mojarad, E. N., Rostami‐Nejad, M., Malekpour, H., Zali, M. R., et al. (2023) · Virus Research · doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199214 · Cited by 21
Chouseın, E. G. U., Çörtük, M., Çınarka, H., Tanrıverdi, E., Turan, D., Yıldırım, B. Z., Sezen, C. B., & Özgül, M. A. (2020) · Tuberkuloz ve Toraks · doi:10.5578/tt.70352 · Cited by 21
Dutta, B., Peng, M.-H., Chen, C.-C., & Sun, S.-L. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19031347 · Cited by 22
Arévalos, V., Ortega‐Paz, L., Rodríguez-Arias, J. J., Calvo, M., Castrillo, L., Salazar, A., Roqué, M., Dantas, A. P., Sabaté, M., & Brugaletta, S. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10102096 · Cited by 20
Impact of Chronic HIV Infection on SARS-CoV-2 Infection, COVID-19 Disease and Vaccines
Yang, Y., & Iwasaki, A. (2021) · Current HIV/AIDS Reports · doi:10.1007/s11904-021-00590-x · Cited by 42
Acute kidney injury associated to COVID-19 leads to a strong unbalance of circulant immune mediators
Medeiros, T., Guimarães, G. M. C., Carvalho, F. R., Alves, L. S., Faustino, R. D. S., Campi‐Azevedo, A. C., Peruhype-Magalhães, V., Teixeira‐Carvalho, A., Gomes, M. D. S., do Amaral, L. R., et al. (2022) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155974 · Cited by 20
Tomkinson, S., Triscott, C., Schenk, E., & Foey, A. (2023) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens12070928 · Cited by 24
The role for the metagenome in the pathogenesis of COVID-19
Friedland, R. P., & Haribabu, B. (2020) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103019 · Cited by 18
Inflammatory endotypes of CRSwNP and responses to COVID-19
Wang, M., Wang, C., & Zhang, L. (2020) · Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1097/aci.0000000000000700 · Cited by 22
Winkler, M. S., Claus, R. A., Schilder, M., Pöhlmann, S., Coldewey, S. M., Grundmann, J., Fricke, T., Moerer, O., Meissner, K., Bauer, M. W., et al. (2021) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20210666 · Cited by 20
Host and Viral Zinc-Finger Proteins in COVID-19
Esposito, S., D’Abrosca, G., Antolak, A., Pedone, P. V., Isernia, C., & Malgieri, G. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23073711 · Cited by 22
Monticelli, M., Mele, B. H., Andreotti, G., Cubellis, M. V., & Riccio, G. (2021) · European Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104227 · Cited by 19
Knefati, M., Ganim, I., Schmidt, J., Makkar, A., Igtiben, S., Landa, E., Tarawneh, A., Hicks, C. M., Zimmerman, S., & Sukpraprut‐Braaten, S. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.15310 · Cited by 20
COVID-19 Vaccines and the Virus: Impact on Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics
McColl, E. R., Croyle, M. A., Zamboni, W. C., Honer, W. G., Heise, M. T., Piquette‐Miller, M., & Goralski, K. B. (2022) · Drug Metabolism and Disposition · doi:10.1124/dmd.122.000934 · Cited by 19
Lasker, A., Obaidullah, S. M., Chakraborty, C., & Roy, K. (2022) · SN Computer Science · doi:10.1007/s42979-022-01464-8 · Cited by 19
Early Treatment of COVID-19 Disease: A Missed Opportunity
Forrest, J. I., Rayner, C. R., Park, J., & Mills, E. J. (2020) · Infectious Diseases and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40121-020-00349-8 · Cited by 19
Urolithins: The Colon Microbiota Metabolites as Endocrine Modulators: Prospects and Perspectives
Vini, R., Azeez, J. M., Remadevi, V., Susmi, T. R., Ayswarya, R. S., Sujatha, A. S., Parvathy, M., Lathika, L. M., & Sreeja, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.800990 · Cited by 24
Nappi, F., Bellomo, F., & Singh, S. S. A. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11092460 · Cited by 18
Antibody-Based Immunotherapeutic Strategies for COVID-19
Hussen, J., Kandeel, M. K., Hemida, M. G., & Al-Mubarak, A. I. A. (2020) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens9110917 · Cited by 18
Sofian, M., Velayati, A. A., Banifazl, M., Fotouhi, F., Larijani, M. S., Afzali, N., & Ramezani, A. (2020) · Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1007/s10354-020-00793-8 · Cited by 18
Shiravi, A., Akbari, A., Mohammadi, Z. S., Khalilian, M. S., Zeinalian, A., & Zeinalian, M. (2021) · Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.3233/mnm-210013 · Cited by 19
Ratheesh, M., Sunil, S., Sheethal, S., Jose, S. P., Sandya, S., Ghosh, O. S. N., Rajan, S., Jagmag, T., & Tilwani, J. (2022) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-021-00911-x · Cited by 18
Antiviral Effect of 5′-Arylchalcogeno-3-aminothymidine Derivatives in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Tucci, A. R., da Rosa, R. M., Rosa, A. D. S., Chaves, O. A., Ferreira, V. N. S., Oliveira, T. K. F., de Souza, D. D. C., Borba, N. R. R., Dornelles, L., Rocha, N. S., et al. (2023) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules28186696 · Cited by 18
Low-Dose Radiation Therapy for COVID-19: Promises and Pitfalls
Venkatesulu, B. P., Lester, S. C., Hsieh, R. C.-E., Verma, V., Sharon, E., Ahmed, M. M., & Krishnan, S. (2020) · JNCI Cancer Spectrum · doi:10.1093/jncics/pkaa103 · Cited by 18
Immune mechanisms in cancer patients that lead to poor outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection
LATIF, M. B., Shukla, S., Estrada, P. M. D. R., Ribeiro, S. P., Sékaly, R., & Sharma, A. (2021) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2021.12.001 · Cited by 18
Atraumatic spontaneous splenic rupture in a female COVID-19 patient
Melamed, M. T., & Gigliotti, J. (2022) · Journal of Osteopathic Medicine · doi:10.1515/jom-2021-0291 · Cited by 17
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Different Dietary Antioxidants
Roy, A., Das, S., Chatterjee, I., Roy, S., & Chakraborty, R. (2022) · Reference series in phytochemistry · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-78160-6_20 · Cited by 18
Enteric nervous system as a target and source of SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections
Valdetaro, L., Thomasi, B. B. D. M., Ricciardi, M. C., Santos, K. D. M., Coelho‐Aguiar, J. D. M., & Gomes, A. L. T. (2023) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00229.2022 · Cited by 18
Immunological deficiencies: more frequent than they seem to be
Barreto, I. C. D. P., Barreto, B. A. P., Cavalcante, É. G. D. N., & Condino‐Neto, A. (2020) · Jornal de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.jped.2020.10.009 · Cited by 17
Phytotherapics in COVID19 : Why palmitoylethanolamide?
Pesce, M., Seguella, L., Cassarano, S., Aurino, L., Sanseverino, W., Lu, J., Corpetti, C., Re, A., Vincenzi, M., Sarnelli, G., et al. (2020) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.6978 · Cited by 18
Masud, S. B., Zebeen, F., Alam, D. W., Hossian, M., Zaman, S., Begum, R. A., Nabi, M. H., & Hawlader, M. D. H. (2021) · Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.3961/jpmph.21.432 · Cited by 16
Papamanoli, A., Kalogeropoulos, A. P., Hotelling, J., Yoo, J., Grewal, P. K., Predun, W., Jacob, R., Cao, K., Marcos, L. A., & Skopicki, H. A. (2021) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.27172 · Cited by 17
Saberian, P., Mireskandari, S. M., Baratloo, A., Hasani-Sharamin, P., Babaniamansour, S., Aliniagerdroudbari, E., & Jamshididana, M. (2021) · Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine · doi:10.22037/aaem.v9i1.993 · Cited by 16
SARS-CoV-2 presented moderately during two episodes of the infection with lack of antibody responses
Salehi-Vaziri, ., Omrani, M. D., Pouriayevali, M. H., Fotouhi, F., Banifazl, M., Farahmand, B., Larijani, M. S., Ahmadi, Z., Fereydouni, Z., Tavakoli, M., et al. (2021) · Virus Research · doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198421 · Cited by 16
Ruano‐Gallego, D., García‐Villadangos, M., Moreno‐Paz, M., Gómez‐Elvira, J., Postigo, M., Sacristán, M. S., Reyburn, H. T., Carolis, C., Melero, N. R., Codeseira, Y. B., et al. (2021) · Microbial Biotechnology · doi:10.1111/1751-7915.13801 · Cited by 14
Interaction of the inflammatory response and megakaryocytes in COVID-19 infection
Battina, H. L., Alentado, V. J., Srour, E. F., Moliterno, A. R., & Kacena, M. A. (2021) · Experimental Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2021.09.005 · Cited by 15
Joudeh, A. I., Lutf, A. Q., Mahdi, S., & Tran, G. T. (2023) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.05.048 · Cited by 16
Qu, B., Miskey, C., Gömer, A., Kleinert, R. D. V., Ibanez, S. C., Eberle, R., Ebenig, A., Postmus, D., Nocke, M. K., Herrmann, M., et al. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2407437121 · Cited by 19
Carnicelli, A., Fiori, B., Ricci, R., PIANO, A., Bonadia, N., Taddei, E., Fantoni, M., Murri, R., Cingolani, A., Barillaro, C., et al. (2021) · Internal and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11739-021-02750-8 · Cited by 16
Application of extracorporeal therapies in critically ill COVID-19 patients
Zhou, Z., Kuang, H., Ma, Y., & Zhang, L. (2021) · Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B · doi:10.1631/jzus.b2100344 · Cited by 16
Theranostic efficiency of biosurfactants against COVID-19 and similar viruses - A review
Sarangi, M. K., Padhi, S. K., Patel, L. D., Rath, G., Nanda, S. S., & Yi, D. K. (2022) · Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103764 · Cited by 16
Perioperative melatonin in COVID-19 patients
Nair, A. S. (2022) · Medical Gas Research · doi:10.4103/2045-9912.325990 · Cited by 20
Farkhad, N. K., Mahmoudi, A. A., & Mahdipour, E. (2022) · Regenerative Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.reth.2022.03.006 · Cited by 15
Lee, T., Kim, Y., Kim, H. J., Ha, N., Lee, S., Chin, B., & Cho, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.909218 · Cited by 15
Micronutrients and phytochemicals against COVID-19: Mechanism and molecular targets
Bellik, Y., Bachir‐bey, M., Fatmi, W., Kouidri, M., Souagui, Y., & Selles, S. M. A. (2020) · Annals of Phytomedicine An International Journal · doi:10.21276/ap.2020.9.2.3 · Cited by 15
Does Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor predict the prognosis of COVID-19 disease?
Dheir, H., Yaylacı, S., Sipahi, S., Genç, A. C., Çekiç, D., Tuncer, F. B., Çokluk, E., Kocayiğit, H., Genç, A. B., Salihi, S., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries · doi:10.3855/jidc.14009 · Cited by 15
Srivastava, S., & Jaggi, N. (2021) · Indian Journal of Tuberculosis · doi:10.1016/j.ijtb.2021.04.014 · Cited by 15
Menshawey, E., Menshawey, R., & Nabeh, O. A. (2021) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-021-00835-6 · Cited by 15
Multi-organ system involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A mega review
Moslehi, N., Jahromy, M. H., Ashrafi, P., Vatani, K., Nemati, M. A. H., Moghadam, P. A., Rostamian, F., & Jahromi, M. H. (2022) · Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care · doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1570_21 · Cited by 15
Reactive arthritis following COVID-19 current evidence, diagnosis, and management strategies
Migliorini, F., Bell, A., Vaishya, R., Eschweiler, J., Hildebrand, F., & Maffulli, N. (2023) · Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research · doi:10.1186/s13018-023-03651-6 · Cited by 15
Sfikakis, P. P., Verrou, K., Tsitsilonis, O., Παρασκευής, Δ., Kastritis, E., Lianidou, E. S., Μουτσάτσου, Π., Terpos, E., Trougakos, I. P., Chini, V., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.746203 · Cited by 14
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in children
Vosoughi, F., Makuku, R., Tantuoyir, M. M., Yousefi, F., Shobeiri, P., Karimi, A., Alilou, S., LaPorte, R. E., Tilves, C., Nabian, M. H., et al. (2022) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-022-03624-4 · Cited by 14
Kusumawardhani, N. Y., Putra, I. C. S., Kamarullah, W., Afrianti, R., Pramudyo, M., Iqbal, M., Prameswari, H. S., Achmad, C., Tiksnadi, B. B., & Akbar, M. R. (2023) · Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.31083/j.rcm2401028 · Cited by 16
Dexamethasone in COVID-19 treatment: Analyzing monotherapy and combination therapy approaches
Meybodi, S. M., Rabori, V. S., Salkhorde, D., Jafari, N., Zeinaly, M., Mojodi, E., Kesharwani, P., Saberiyan, M., & Sahebkar, A. (2024) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156794 · Cited by 13
Chowdhary, A., Subedi, R., Tandon, M., Wen, S., Patel, J. R., Kataria, S., Peterson, S., Gwinn, R., Elkhooly, M., Prasad, A., et al. (2020) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci10121017 · Cited by 14
Uremia-Associated Immunological Aging and Severity of COVID-19 Infection
Betjes, M. G. H. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.675573 · Cited by 15
Role of the Immune Microenvironment in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Ye, C.-H., Hsu, W., Peng, G.-R., Yu, W.-C., Lin, W., Hu, S., & Yu, S. (2021) · Cell Transplantation · doi:10.1177/09636897211010632 · Cited by 15
Mutational Landscape and Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with Host Cellular Components
Srivastava, M., Hall, D., Omoru, O. B., Gill, H. M., Smith, S., & Janga, S. C. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9091794 · Cited by 13
Fiorino, S., Tateo, F., de Biase, D., Gallo, C. G., Orlandi, P. E., Corazza, I., Budriesi, R., Micucci, M., Visani, M., Loggi, E., et al. (2021) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb-2021-0064 · Cited by 16
Kashem, M. A., Yuan, X.-Y., Lin, L., Kimani, J., Plummer, F. A., & Luo, M. (2021) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s325553 · Cited by 14
3D engineered tissue models for studying human-specific infectious viral diseases
Hwang, K. S., Seo, E. U., Choi, N., Kim, J., & Kim, H. N. (2022) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.09.010 · Cited by 13
Raju, V., Reddy, R., Javan, A. C., Hajihossainlou, B., Weissleder, R., Guiseppi‐Elie, A., Kurabayashi, K., Jones, S. A., & Faghih, R. T. (2025) · Biotechnology Advances · doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2025.108592 · Cited by 14
Divergent COVID-19 Disease Trajectories Predicted by a DAMP-Centered Immune Network Model
Day, J., Park, S., Ranard, B. L., Singh, H., Chow, C. C., & Yoram Vodovotz, B. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.754127 · Cited by 13
Tirivangasi, H. M., Dzvimbo, M. A., Chaminuka, N., & Mawonde, A. (2023) · Scientific African · doi:10.1016/j.sciaf.2023.e01710 · Cited by 13
Tel, B. M. A., Kahveci, G., Aktaş, G., Demirkol, M. E., Kurtkulağı, Ö., Bilgin, S., & Duman, T. T. (2024) · Cirugía y Cirujanos (English Edition) · doi:10.24875/cirue.m22000545 · Cited by 13
Natural products: A potential immunomodulators against inflammatory-related diseases
Priya, T. S., Ramalingam, V., & Babu, K. S. (2024) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-024-01562-4 · Cited by 13
Valencia‐Enciso, N., Ortiz-Pereira, M., Zafra-Sierra, M. P., Gomez, L. A. E., & Bayona, H. (2020) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105325 · Cited by 13
Dravid, A. N., Kashiva, R., Khan, Z. A., Memon, D., Kodre, A., Potdar, P., Mane, M., Borse, R., Pawar, V., Patil, D. H., et al. (2021) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000026705 · Cited by 12
Immune response scenario and vaccine development for SARS-CoV-2 infection
Mohammad, M. H. S. (2021) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107439 · Cited by 13
Gedefaw, L., Ullah, S., Lee, T. M. H., Yip, S. P., & Huang, C. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9121823 · Cited by 13
Karnik, K., Wu, Y., Ruddy, S., Quijano-Rondan, B., Urban, C. M., Turett, G. S., Yung, L., Prasad, N., Yoon, J., & Segal‐Maurer, S. (2022) · IDCases · doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01380 · Cited by 13
Lima, E. N. D. C., Octaviano, A. L. M., Piqueira, J. R. C., Diaz, R. S., & Justo, J. F. (2022) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s341890 · Cited by 13
Network-based drug repurposing for the treatment of COVID-19 patients in different clinical stages
Wang, X., Wang, H., Yin, G., & Zhang, Y. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14059 · Cited by 13
McSweeney, M. D., Alnajjar, S., Schaefer, A., Richardson, Z., Wolf, W., Stewart, I. E., Sriboonyapirat, P., McCallen, J., Farmer, E., Nzati, B., et al. (2024) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202306729 · Cited by 14
Chakraborty, C., Bhattacharya, M., & Lee, S. (2024) · Reviews in Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/rmv.2526 · Cited by 14
Major Insights in Dynamics of Host Response to SARS-CoV-2: Impacts and Challenges
Hakim, A., Hasan, M. M., Hasan, M., Lokman, S. M., Azim, K. F., Raihan, T., Chowdhury, P. A., & Azad, A. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.637554 · Cited by 13
Evaluation of Clinical and Immune Responses in Recovered Children with Mild COVID-19
Tian, X., Bai, Z., Cao, Y., Liu, H., Liu, D., Liu, W., & Li, J. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v14010085 · Cited by 13
Bonifacius, A., Tischer‐Zimmermann, S., Santamorena, M. M., Mausberg, P., Schenk, J., Koch, S., Barnstorf-Brandes, J., Gödecke, N., Martens, J., Goudeva, L., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.867042 · Cited by 12
Surviving the Storm: Cytokine Biosignature in SARS-CoV-2 Severity Prediction
Ahmad, R., & Haque, M. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10040614 · Cited by 14
Tsioulos, G., Grigoropoulos, I., Moschopoulos, C. D., Shapira, S., Poulakou, G., Antoniadou, A., Boumpas, D. T., Arber, N., & Tsiodras, S. (2022) · Life · doi:10.3390/life12101472 · Cited by 12
Arjmand, B., Alavi-Moghadam, S., Sarvari, M., Rezaei–Tavirani, M., Mafi, A. R., Arjmand, R., Nikandish, M., Nasli‐Esfahani, E., & Larijani, B. A. (2023) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-022-01132-6 · Cited by 13
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Elderly Patients with COVID-19: Potential of Melatonin Treatment
Yiang, G., Wu, C., Lu, C., Hu, W., Tsai, Y., Huang, Y., Su, W., & Lu, K. (2023) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15010156 · Cited by 13
The impact of COVID-19 on liver injury in various age
Dousari, A. S., Hosseininasab, S. S., Dousari, F. S., Fuladvandi, M., & Satarzadeh, N. (2023) · World Journal of Virology · doi:10.5501/wjv.v12.i2.91 · Cited by 12
Yousefi, M., Sadriirani, M., Mahmoodi, S., Samimi, B., Pourmahmoudi, A., Hosseinikia, M., Sadeghi, O., Roustaei, N., Saeedinezhad, Z., Espı́n, J. C., et al. (2023) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102958 · Cited by 12
Akter, R., Rahman, M. R., Ahmed, Z. S., & Afrose, A. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17478 · Cited by 13
Ghanta, P., Sinha, S., Doble, M., & Ramaiah, B. (2020) · Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics · doi:10.1080/07391102.2020.1848635 · Cited by 11
SARS-CoV-2 Portrayed against HIV: Contrary Viral Strategies in Similar Disguise
Duerr, R., Crosse, K. M., Valero-Jimenez, A. M., & Dittmann, M. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9071389 · Cited by 12
Interferon β, an enhancer of the innate immune response against SARS-CoV-2 infection
Kali, S. K., Dröge, P., & Murugan, P. (2021) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105105 · Cited by 11
Kulkarni, P., Sharma, A. K., Kulkarni, R., Sane, H. M., Awad, N. T., Bopardikar, A., Joshi, A. R., Baveja, S., Joshi, M. A., Vishwanathan, C., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1279607/v1 · Cited by 12
Buehrle, D. J., Sutton, R. R., McCann, E. L., & LUCAS, A. E. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13091706 · Cited by 11
Sengupta, S., Bhattacharyya, D., Kasle, G., Karmakar, S., Sahu, O., Ganguly, A., Addya, S., & Sarma, J. D. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.729622 · Cited by 12
Differential blood leukocyte populations based on individual variances and age
Kasten‐Jolly, J., & Lawrence, D. A. (2022) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-021-09257-6 · Cited by 11
Martynova, E. V., Hamza, S., Markelova, M., Garanina, E. E., Davidyuk, Y. N., Shakirova, V. G., Kaushal, N., Baranwal, M., Stott-Marshall, R. J., Foster, T. L., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.830715 · Cited by 11
Ayalew, G., Mulugeta, B., Haimanot, Y., Adane, T., Bayleyegn, B., & Abere, A. (2022) · International Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.2147/ijgm.s383558 · Cited by 11
Anton, D. B., Pedreira, J. G. B., Zvirtes, M. L., Laufer, S., Ducati, R. G., Goettert, M. I., & Timmers, L. F. S. M. (2023) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00324 · Cited by 11
Some aspects of the life of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein in mammalian cells
Jiao, S., Miranda, P., Li, Y., Maric, D., & Holmgren, M. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18754 · Cited by 11
Abscopal antitumor effect in a patient with melanoma and coronavirus disease 2019
Herrscher, H., Sauer, B., Truntzer, P., & Robert, C. (2021) · European Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2021.03.003 · Cited by 11
Szewc, M., Markiewicz-Gospodarek, A., Górska, A., Chilimoniuk, Z., Rahnama, M., Radzikowska-Büchner, E., Strzelec-Pawełczak, K., Bakiera, J., & Maciejewski, R. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11050752 · Cited by 11
Endemic Mycoses and COVID-19: a Review
Messina, F. A., Giusiano, G., & Santiso, G. (2022) · Current Fungal Infection Reports · doi:10.1007/s12281-022-00435-z · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- García, L. F.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Antioquia (CO)
- Corresponding author
- García, Luis F.
- ORCID
- García, Luis F.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2020-06-16
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- 1441-1441
- ISSN
- 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7308593
- OpenAlex
- W3035895802
- Cited by
- 739
- References
- 141
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 172 · 2021: 279 · 2020: 83
- FWCI
- 7.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repository University of Antioquia (University of Antioquia) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Greater South Information System
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatological and COVID-19 studies
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, immune response, inflammation, clinical spectrum, immunopathogenesis, disease severity, SARS, MERS, immune regulation, coronavirus infection
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Age Factors, Antibodies, Viral, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Secretory, Inflammation, Macrophages, Pneumonia, Viral, T-Lymphocytes, Cytokines, Coronavirus Infections, Antibody-Dependent Enhancement, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
