Cancer Vaccines, Adjuvants, and Delivery Systems
Open accessAbstract
Vaccination was first pioneered in the 18th century by Edward Jenner and eventually led to the development of the smallpox vaccine and subsequently the eradication of smallpox. The impact of vaccination to prevent infectious diseases has been outstanding with many infections being prevented and a significant decrease in mortality worldwide. Cancer vaccines aim to clear active disease instead of aiming to prevent disease, the only exception being the recently approved vaccine that prevents cancers caused by the Human Papillomavirus. The development of therapeutic cancer vaccines has been disappointing with many early cancer vaccines that showed promise in preclinical models often failing to translate into efficacy in the clinic. In this review we provide an overview of the current vaccine platforms, adjuvants and delivery systems that are currently being investigated or have been approved. With the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors, we also review the potential of these to be used with cancer vaccines to improve efficacy and help to overcome the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment.
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- Authors
- Paston, S. J., Brentville, V. A., Symonds, P., & Durrant, L. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Durrant, Lindy G.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-03-30
- Volume
- 12
- Pages
- 627932-627932
- ISSN
- 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8042385
- OpenAlex
- W3140279834
- Cited by
- 200
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 5
- FWCI
- 3.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Cancer Research and Treatments
- Keywords
- cancer vaccines, therapeutic cancer vaccines, vaccine adjuvants, vaccine delivery systems, vaccine platforms, immune checkpoint inhibitors, tumor microenvironment, history of vaccination, HPV vaccine
- MeSH terms
- mRNA Vaccines, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Animals, Antigens, Neoplasm, Drug Carriers, Drug Compounding, Humans, Neoplasms, Vaccines, Synthetic, Drug Delivery Systems, Gene Transfer Techniques, Tumor Escape, Vaccines, DNA, Cancer Vaccines, Tumor Microenvironment
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