Cited by 12Circadian rhythm and melatoninMicrobial Metabolic Engineering and BioproductionGene Regulatory Network Analysis

Gene network centrality analysis identifies key regulators coordinating day-night metabolic transitions in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 despite limited accuracy in predicting direct regulator-gene interactions

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Johnson, Zachary, Anderson, David, Cheung, Margaret S., Bohutskyi, Pavlo·2025·Frontiers in Microbiology

Abstract

Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is a model organism for studying circadian regulation and bioproduction, where precise temporal control of metabolism significantly impacts photosynthetic efficiency and CO 2 -to-bioproduct conversion. Despite extensive research on core clock components, our understanding of the broader regulatory network orchestrating genome-wide metabolic transitions remains incomplete. We address this gap by applying machine learning tools and network analysis to investigate the transcriptional architecture governing circadian-controlled gene expression. While our approach showed moderate accuracy in predicting individual transcription factor-gene interactions - a common challenge with real expression data - network-level topological analysis successfully revealed the organizational principles of circadian regulation. Our analysis identified distinct regulatory modules coordinating day-night metabolic transitions, with photosynthesis and carbon/nitrogen metabolism controlled by day-phase regulators, while nighttime modules orchestrate glycogen mobilization and redox metabolism. Through network centrality analysis, we identified potentially significant but previously understudied transcriptional regulators: HimA as a putative DNA architecture regulator, and TetR and SrrB as potential coordinators of nighttime metabolism, working alongside established global regulators RpaA and RpaB. This work demonstrates how network-level analysis can extract biologically meaningful insights despite limitations in predicting direct regulatory interactions. The regulatory principles uncovered here advance our understanding of how cyanobacteria coordinate complex metabolic transitions and may inform metabolic engineering strategies for enhanced photosynthetic bioproduction from CO 2 .

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  • S. elongatus PCC 7942 has a well-characterised circadian clock system, which regulates a variety of physiological processes, including photosynthesis, metabolism, and cell division.

    “One of the most significant features of S. elongatus PCC 7942 is its well-characterised circadian clock system, which regulates a variety of physiological processes, including photosynthesis, metabolism, and cell division.”

    From Cyanobacteria as a Photosynthetic Chassis for Metabolic Pathway Engineering with Heterologous Gene Expression (2026) · cites this paper as [62]

    The Introduction describes S. elongatus PCC 7942 as a model for circadian regulation and says circadian control affects photosynthesis and day–night metabolism. The Results also refer to its well-characterized circadian rhythms. Our copy does not say that the clock regulates cell division (searched: “cell division” and “division”), so that part of the claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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  • Endogenous circadian regulation in S. elongatus PCC 7942 can affect the timing and efficiency of engineered metabolic pathways.

    “From a biotechnological standpoint, this endogenous circadian regulation has also garnered interest in the metabolic engineering, as it can affect the timing and efficiency of engineered metabolic pathways [62].”

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Ghamrawi N. Mccallum A. (2005). Collective multi-label classification. Proceedings of the 14th Acm international conference on information and knowledge management. Bremen, Germany: Association for Computing Machinery.
  2. Newman M. E. (2008). The mathematics of networks. The new palgrave encyclopedia of economics, no. 2, pp. 1–12.

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Authors
Johnson, Z., Anderson, D., Cheung, M. S., & Bohutskyi, P.
Affiliations
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
Corresponding author
Bohutskyi, Pavlo
Venue
Frontiers in Microbiology
Published
2025-03-26
Volume
16
Pages
1569559-1569559
ISSN
1664-302X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4408843983
Cited by
12
References
111
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 4
FWCI
5.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Microbiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Energy (DE-AC05–76RL01830, 76RL01830, AC05-76RL01830)
  • Battelle (AC05-76RL01830, DE- AC05-76RL01830, DE-AC05, 76RL01830)
  • Office of Science (DE‐AC05‐76 RL01830)
  • Workforce Development for Teachers and Scientists (DE-AC05-76RL01830)
  • Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (DEAC0576RL01830, 76RL01830, AC05-76RL01830)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
Keywords
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, circadian regulation, gene regulatory networks, network centrality, transcription factors, HIMA, TetR, photosynthesis, carbon and nitrogen metabolism, glycogen mobilization, redox metabolism, cyanobacteria, CO2 conversion

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