The Importance of Reporting Housing and Husbandry in Rat Research

Prager, Eric M.; Bergstrom, Hadley C.; Grunberg, Neil E.; Johnson, Luke R.

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00038

Cited by 79Animal Behavior and Welfare StudiesAnimal testing and alternativesStress Responses and Cortisol

The Importance of Reporting Housing and Husbandry in Rat Research

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Prager, Eric M., Bergstrom, Hadley C., Grunberg, Neil E., Johnson, Luke R.·2011·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

DOI 10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00038PMC PMC3147140

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Abstract

In 1963, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) first issued guidelines for animal housing and husbandry. The most recent 2010 revision emphasizes animal care “in ways judged to be scientifically, technically, and humanely appropriate” (National Institutes of Health, 2010, p. XIII). The goal of these guidelines is to ensure humanitarian treatment of animals and to optimize the quality of research. Although these animal care guidelines cover a substantial amount of information regarding animal housing and husbandry, researchers generally do not report all these variables (see Table Table1).1). The importance of housing and husbandry conditions with respect to standardization across different research laboratories has been debated previously (Crabbe et al., 1999; Van Der Staay and Steckler, 2002; Wahlsten et al., 2003; Wolfer et al., 2004; Van Der Staay, 2006; Richter et al., 2010, 2011). This paper focuses on several animal husbandry and housing issues that are particularly relevant to stress responses in rats, including transportation, handling, cage changing, housing conditions, light levels and the light–dark cycle. We argue that these key animal housing and husbandry variables should be reported in greater detail in an effort to raise awareness about extraneous experimental variables, especially those that have the potential to interact with the stress response.

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Authors: Prager, E. M., Bergstrom, H. C., Grunberg, N. E., & Johnson, L. R.
Affiliations: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
Corresponding author: Prager, Eric M.
ORCID: Prager, Eric M.
Bergstrom, Hadley C.
Grunberg, Neil E.
Johnson, Luke R.
Venue: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2011
Volume: 5
Pages: 38-38
ISSN: 1662-5153 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00038
PMC: PMC3147140
OpenAlex: W2089925765
Cited by: 79
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 7.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
QUT ePrints (Queensland University of Technology) (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Faculty of Health
Topics: Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal testing and alternatives
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords: animal husbandry, stress response, extraneous variables, experimental standardization, transportation, handling, illumination level, light-dark cycle, reporting practices, animal welfare

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The Importance of Reporting Housing and Husbandry in Rat Research

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