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Cited by 482Barrier Structure and Function StudiesDrug Transport and Resistance MechanismsNanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery

Transcytosis to Cross the Blood Brain Barrier, New Advancements and Challenges

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Pulgar, Victor M.·2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience
DOI 10.3389/fnins.2018.01019PMC PMC6337067
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Abstract

The blood brain barrier (BBB) presents a formidable challenge to the delivery of drugs into the brain. Several strategies aim to overcome this obstacle and promote efficient and specific crossing through BBB of therapeutically relevant agents. One of those strategies uses the physiological process of receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT) to transport cargo through the brain endothelial cells toward brain parenchyma. Recent developments in our understanding of intracellular trafficking and receptor binding as well as in protein engineering and nanotechnology have potentiated the opportunities for treatment of CNS diseases using RMT. In this mini-review, the current understanding of BBB structure is discussed, and recent findings exemplifying critical advances in RMT-mediated brain drug delivery are briefly presented.

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  • Adsorptive-mediated transcytosis promotes non-specific endocytosis, allowing nanoparticles under 200 nm to enter endothelial cells via clathrin- or caveolin-independent pathways.

    “This interaction promotes non-specific endocytosis, allowing NPs—particularly those under 200 nm—to enter endothelial cells via clathrin- or caveolin-independent pathways [134].”

    From Targeted Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Across the Blood–Brain Barrier in Early and Late Stages of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review (2026) · cites this paper as [134]

    The Transcytosis section says positively charged nanoparticles may enter brain endothelial cells through adsorptive endocytosis, supporting the uptake mechanism. It gives no general under-200-nm threshold and identifies caveolae as participating in adsorptive-mediated endocytosis; its example of 160-nm nanoparticles instead describes clathrin-dependent uptake (LDL Receptor section). Pages are not specified in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Pulgar, V. M.
Venue
Frontiers in Neuroscience
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2019-01-11
Volume
12
Pages
1019-1019
ISSN
1662-453X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fnins.2018.01019
PMC
PMC6337067
OpenAlex
W2910531243
Cited by
482
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 38 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 84 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 89 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 5
FWCI
5.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Keywords
blood-brain barrier, receptor-mediated transcytosis, brain drug delivery, brain endothelial cells, intracellular trafficking, receptor engineering, nanotechnology, central nervous system disorders

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