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Association between dietary inflammatory index and mental health: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Objective: We aimed to systematically evaluate the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and mental health. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from their inception to December 31, 2020. Categorical meta-analysis and dose–response meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the association between DII and mental health. Results: A total of 16 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the lowest DII category, the highest category was significantly associated with a variety of mental health outcomes, with the following pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs): 1.28 (1.17–1.39) for symptoms of depression, 1.27 (1.08–1.49) for symptoms of anxiety, 1.85 (1.43–2.40) for distress, and 4.27 (1.27–14.35) for schizophrenia. Furthermore, there was a linear dose–response relationship between DII and symptoms of depression in that a 1-unit increment in DII was associated with an increased risk of 6% for symptoms of depression (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03–1.19). Conclusion: The present study indicates that more pro-inflammatory diet, as estimated by the higher DII score, is associated with symptoms of mental disorder. It may be of clinical and public health significance regarding the development of novel nutritional psychiatry approaches to promote good mental health.
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Poor diet, inflammation, and depressive symptomology are linked.
“Several lines of evidence link poor diet, inflammation, and depressive symptomology [21,22].”
From The menace of obesity to depression and anxiety prevalence (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chen, G.-Q., Peng, C.-L., Lian, Y., Wang, B.-W., Chen, P.-Y., & Wang, G.-P.
- Affiliations
- Shandong Provincial QianFoShan Hospital (CN)
- ORCID
- Lian, Ying
- Venue
- Frontiers in Nutrition
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-05-05
- Volume
- 8
- Pages
- 662357-662357
- ISSN
- 2296-861X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8133218
- OpenAlex
- W3158080024
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 1.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Shandong First Medical University (2019QL013)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- Dietary Inflammatory Index, mental health, depression, anxiety, distress, schizophrenia, pro-inflammatory diet, nutritional psychiatry, dose-response relationship
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