CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 466Nanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryRNA Interference and Gene DeliveryAdvanced Drug Delivery Systems

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 261 of the 265 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Multifunctional polymeric micelles for delivery of drugs and siRNA

Open access
Jhaveri, Aditi M., Torchilin, Vladimir P.·2014·Frontiers in Pharmacology
DOI 10.3389/fphar.2014.00077PMC PMC4007015
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Polymeric micelles, self-assembling nano-constructs of amphiphilic copolymers with a core-shell structure have been used as versatile carriers for delivery of drugs as well as nucleic acids. They have gained immense popularity owing to a host of favorable properties including their capacity to effectively solubilize a variety of poorly soluble pharmaceutical agents, biocompatibility, longevity, high stability in vitro and in vivo and the ability to accumulate in pathological areas with compromised vasculature. Moreover, additional functions can be imparted to these micelles by engineering their surface with various ligands and cell-penetrating moieties to allow for specific targeting and intracellular accumulation, respectively, to load them with contrast agents to confer imaging capabilities, and incorporating stimuli-sensitive groups that allow drug release in response to small changes in the environment. Recently, there has been an increasing trend toward designing polymeric micelles which integrate a number of the above functions into a single carrier to give rise to "smart," multifunctional polymeric micelles. Such multifunctional micelles can be envisaged as key to improving the efficacy of current treatments which have seen a steady increase not only in hydrophobic small molecules, but also in biologics including therapeutic genes, antibodies and small interfering RNA (siRNA). The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in the development of multifunctional polymeric micelles specifically for delivery of drugs and siRNA. In spite of the tremendous potential of siRNA, its translation into clinics has been a significant challenge because of physiological barriers to its effective delivery and the lack of safe, effective and clinically suitable vehicles. To that end, we also discuss the potential and suitability of multifunctional polymeric micelles, including lipid-based micelles, as promising vehicles for both siRNA and drugs.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3389/fphar.2014.00077

Cites

261 of 261 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 Micelle formation. Drug-loaded polymeric micelle formed from self -assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers in aqueous media.
Figure 1 Micelle formation. Drug-loaded polymeric micelle formed from self -assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers in aqueous media.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and passive targeting. Nanocarriers can extravasate into the tumors through the gaps between endothelial cells and accumulate there due to poor lymphatic drainage.
Figure 2 Enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and passive targeting. Nanocarriers can extravasate into the tumors through the gaps between endothelial cells and accumulate there due to poor lymphatic drainage.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Drug-loaded polymeric micelles with various targeting functions. (A) Antibody-targeted micelles (B) ligand-targeted micelles (C) Micelles with cell-pentrating function.
Figure 3 Drug-loaded polymeric micelles with various targeting functions. (A) Antibody-targeted micelles (B) ligand-targeted micelles (C) Micelles with cell-pentrating function.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 A hypothetical multifunctional polymeric micelle. Multifunctional polymeric micelles can be designed to incorporate two or more of these different functions.
Figure 4 A hypothetical multifunctional polymeric micelle. Multifunctional polymeric micelles can be designed to incorporate two or more of these different functions.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 Design and construction of targeting-clickable and tumor-cleavable polyurethane nanomicelles. (A) Schematic molecular structure of multiblock polyurethanes; (B) self-assembled clickable polyurethane nanomicelles; (C) conjugation of folate ligand via click chemistry; (D) extracellular pH-activated detachment of PEG shell through the cleavage of benzoic-imine linkage; (E) intracellular drug release triggered by the cleavage of disulfide bond in response to GSH. Reprinted with permission from Song et al. (2013). Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society.
Figure 5 Design and construction of targeting-clickable and tumor-cleavable polyurethane nanomicelles. (A) Schematic molecular structure of multiblock polyurethanes; (B) self-assembled clickable polyurethane nanomicelles; (C) conjugation of folate ligand via click chemistry; (D) extracellular pH-activated detachment of PEG shell through the cleavage of benzoic-imine linkage; (E) intracellular drug release triggered by the cleavage of disulfide bond in response to GSH. Reprinted with permission from Song et al. (2013). Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 6 MMP-2 sensitive nanopreparations. Modified from Zhu et al. (2013). Copyright © 2013 PNAS.
Figure 6 MMP-2 sensitive nanopreparations. Modified from Zhu et al. (2013). Copyright © 2013 PNAS.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 7 Smart polymeric nanoparticles for mannose receptor-targed cytosolic delivery of siRNA. Schematic representation of the triblock copolymers and formulation into multifunctional nanoscale siRNA delivery vehicles. The blocks include a pH-responsive block that is capable of disrupting endosomes at low pH (red), a cationic block for condensation of nucleic acids (blue), and an azide-displaying block (green) for conjugation of targeting motifs (purple) via click chemistry. Reprinted with permission from Yu et al. (2013b). Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society.
Figure 7 Smart polymeric nanoparticles for mannose receptor-targed cytosolic delivery of siRNA. Schematic representation of the triblock copolymers and formulation into multifunctional nanoscale siRNA delivery vehicles. The blocks include a pH-responsive block that is capable of disrupting endosomes at low pH (red), a cationic block for condensation of nucleic acids (blue), and an azide-displaying block (green) for conjugation of targeting motifs (purple) via click chemistry. Reprinted with permission from Yu et al. (2013b). Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 8 (A) Schematic illustration of acetal- and TAT-PEO-b-P(CL-g-SP) (I and II) and acetal- and RGD4C-PEO-b-P(CL-Hyd-DOX) (III and IV). (B) Rational design of a multifunctional micellar nanomedicine for targeted co-delivery of siRNA and DOX to overcome multidrug resistance. (a) Chemical structure of functionalized copolymers with ligands at the end of the PEO block and conjugated moieties on the PCL block. (b) Assembly of multifunctional micelles with DOX and siRNA in the micellar core and RGD and/or TAT on the micellar shell. (c) Schematic diagram showing the proposed model for the intracellular processing of targeted micelles in MDR cancer cells after receptor-mediated endocytosis, leading to cytoplasmic siRNA delivery followed by P-gp down-regulation on the cellular and nuclear membrane and endosomal DOX release, followed by DOX nuclear accumulation. Reprinted with permission from Xiong and Lavasanifar (2011). Copyright © 2011 American Chemical Society.
Figure 8 (A) Schematic illustration of acetal- and TAT-PEO-b-P(CL-g-SP) (I and II) and acetal- and RGD4C-PEO-b-P(CL-Hyd-DOX) (III and IV). (B) Rational design of a multifunctional micellar nanomedicine for targeted co-delivery of siRNA and DOX to overcome multidrug resistance. (a) Chemical structure of functionalized copolymers with ligands at the end of the PEO block and conjugated moieties on the PCL block. (b) Assembly of multifunctional micelles with DOX and siRNA in the micellar core and RGD and/or TAT on the micellar shell. (c) Schematic diagram showing the proposed model for the intracellular processing of targeted micelles in MDR cancer cells after receptor-mediated endocytosis, leading to cytoplasmic siRNA delivery followed by P-gp down-regulation on the cellular and nuclear membrane and endosomal DOX release, followed by DOX nuclear accumulation. Reprinted with permission from Xiong and Lavasanifar (2011). Copyright © 2011 American Chemical Society.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 9 Schematic illustration of formulation of the docetaxel loaded TPGS–siPlk1/TPGS micelles (micSD) and the herceptin-conjugated docetaxel loaded TPGS–siPlk1/TPGS micelles (micSDH). Reprinted from Zhao et al. (2013).
Figure 9 Schematic illustration of formulation of the docetaxel loaded TPGS–siPlk1/TPGS micelles (micSD) and the herceptin-conjugated docetaxel loaded TPGS–siPlk1/TPGS micelles (micSDH). Reprinted from Zhao et al. (2013).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 10 Formation of hierarchical nano-assemblies for combinatorial delivery of siRNA and anticancer drugs. Reprinted from Cao et al. (2011).
Figure 10 Formation of hierarchical nano-assemblies for combinatorial delivery of siRNA and anticancer drugs. Reprinted from Cao et al. (2011).CC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

1 retracted

Show all 265 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Matsumoto, 2009, Environment-responsive block copolymer micelles with a disulfide cross-linked core for enhanced siRNA delivery, Biomacromolecules, 10, 119, 10.1021/bm800985e · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 466

Related

Metadata

Authors
Jhaveri, A. M., & Torchilin, V. P.
Affiliations
Northeastern University (US)
Corresponding author
Torchilin, Vladimir P.
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2014-04-25
Volume
5
Pages
77-77
ISSN
1663-9812 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fphar.2014.00077
PMC
PMC4007015
OpenAlex
W1983964788
Cited by
466
References
265
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 12
FWCI
2.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Frontiers in Pharmacology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Keywords
polymeric micelles, siRNA delivery, drug delivery, amphiphilic copolymers, core-shell nanostructures, targeted drug delivery, stimuli-responsive drug release, contrast media, nucleic acid delivery, intracellular accumulation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review