Eye-Closure Enhances Creative Performance on Divergent and Convergent Creativity Tasks
Open accessAbstract
In today's world of rapid changes and increasing complexity, understanding and enhancing creativity is of critical importance. Studies investigating EEG correlates of creativity linked power in the alpha frequency band to creativity, and alpha-power has been interpreted as reflecting attention on internal mental representations and inhibition of external sensory input. Thus far, however, there is no direct evidence for the idea that internally directed attention facilitates creativity. The aim of the current study was to experimentally investigate the relationship between eye-closure-a simple and effective means to stimulate internally directed attention-and creativity. Moreover, to test whether the potential beneficial effect of eye-closure is specific for creativity, or whether it improves general cognitive functioning, the current study tested the effect of eye-closure on creativity and on working memory (WM). Participants completed four tasks to measure divergent and convergent creativity (Adapted Alternative Uses (AAU) Test, Remote Associates Test (RAT), Sentence Construction Test, and Word Construction Test), and one task to measure WM (Digit Span Test). For each task, participants had to perform two versions, one version with eyes open and one version with eyes closed. Eye-closure facilitated creative performance on the classical divergent and convergent creativity tasks (AAU Test and RAT). No effect of eye-closure was observed on the WM task. These findings provide a novel and easily applicable means to enhance divergent and convergent creativity through eye-closure.
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Creative performance is already boosted by a simple eye closure as opposed to keeping eyes open.
“In a similar line, Ritter et al. [46] found that creative performance is already boosted by a simple eye closure as opposed to keeping eyes open.”
From How Adversarial REM Dreams May Facilitate Creativity, and Why We Become Aware of Them (2024) · cites this paper as [46]
Creative problem solving is boosted in the first NREM sleep stage (N1) by exploiting Edison's technique, or by simply closing the eyes during active imagination.
“Since creative problem solving is also shown to be boosted in the first NREM sleep stage (N1, [35]) by exploiting Edison's technique, or by simply closing the eyes [46] during active imagination”
From How Adversarial REM Dreams May Facilitate Creativity, and Why We Become Aware of Them (2024) · cites this paper as [46]
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- Authors
- Ritter, S. M., Abbing, J., & van Schie, H. T.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Ritter, Simone M.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2018-07-31
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 1315-1315
- ISSN
- 1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6079281
- OpenAlex
- W2886399071
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 5.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (451-14-029)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Creativity in Education and Neuroscience
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Keywords
- eyelid closure, creativity, divergent thinking, convergent thinking, working memory, alpha power, alternative uses task, sentence construction, word formation, cognitive enhancement
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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