The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Imagining Others’ Minds: The Positive Relation Between Children’s Role Play and Anthropomorphism
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“In this sense, forming a bond with a chatbot can be seen as a technological twist on pretend play [118].”
From Understanding Teen Overreliance on AI Companion Chatbots Through Self-Reported Reddit Narratives (2026) · cites this paper as [118]
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Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/bf03193146 · Cited by 65,971
On seeing human: A three-factor theory of anthropomorphism
Epley, N., Waytz, A., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2007) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.114.4.864 · Cited by 4,069 · cited 4×
“, 2010a; Severson and Lemm, 2016), and the fact that it is so far-reaching, both in terms of the subject matter that is anthropomorphized and in the variety of peoples that anthropomorphize (Epley et al., 2007).”
BackgroundInfluentialMachines and Mindlessness: Social Responses to Computers
Nass, C., & Moon, Y. (2000) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/0022-4537.00153 · Cited by 4,022 · cited 2×
“However, the difference between pretense and weak anthropomorphism lies in the individual’s level of awareness: One is aware of their pretense, but more often likely to be mindless when engaging in weak anthropomorphism (Nass and Moon, 2000).”
BackgroundAn Experimental Study of Apparent Behavior
Heider, F., & Simmel, M. (1944) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1416950 · Cited by 3,340
Social evaluation by preverbal infants
Hamlin, J. K., Wynn, K., & Bloom, P. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06288 · Cited by 1,566
Making sense by making sentient: Effectance motivation increases anthropomorphism.
Waytz, A., Morewedge, C. K., Epley, N., Monteleone, G., Gao, J.-H., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0020240 · Cited by 587
Anthropomorphism of computers: Is it mindful or mindless?
Kim, Y., & Sundar, S. S. (2012) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2011.09.006 · Cited by 462
Cultural mosaics and mental models of nature
Bang, M., Medin, D. L., & Atran, S. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0706627104 · Cited by 353
Cognitive biases explain religious belief, paranormal belief, and belief in life’s purpose
Willard, A. K., & Norenzayan, A. (2013) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2013.07.016 · Cited by 300 · cited 2×
“First, anthropomorphism of animals, technology, and inanimate nature is independent from the anthropomorphism of supernatural (or spiritual) entities (Waytz et al., 2010a, Study 1; Willard and Norenzayan, 2013).”
BackgroundFaces in the Clouds: A New Theory of Religion
McCutcheon, R. T., & Guthrie, S. E. (1994) · Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion · doi:10.2307/1386639 · Cited by 200 · cited 2×
“Additionally, Guthrie (1993) theorizes that anthropomorphism is a universal human tendency (see also Zawieska et al., 2012).”
BackgroundAnthropomorphism, agency, and ethopoeia: computers as social actors
Nass, C., Steuer, J., Tauber, E., & Reeder, H. (1993) · INTERACT '93 and CHI '93 conference companion on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '93 · doi:10.1145/259964.260137 · Cited by 162
Beyond perspective-taking: Mind-reading motivation
Carpenter, J. M., Green, M. C., & Vacharkulksemsuk, T. (2016) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-016-9544-z · Cited by 45
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Guingrich, R. E., & Graziano, M. S. A. (2025) · Oxford Intersections: AI in Society · doi:10.1093/9780198945215.003.0011 · Cited by 28
Understanding Teen Overreliance on AI Companion Chatbots Through Self-Reported Reddit Narratives
Namvarpour, M. (., Brofsky, B., Medina, J. Y., Akter, M., & Razi, A. (2026) · Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3772318.3790597 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Severson, R. L., & Woodard, S. R.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2018-11-13
- Volume
- 9
- ISSN
- 1664-1078
- PMC
- PMC6243028
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 12
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