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Cited by 26Psychosocial Factors Impacting YouthChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentFamily Dynamics and Relationships

The Relations Among Types of Parentification, School Achievement, and Quality of Life in Early Adolescence: An Exploratory Study

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Borchet, Judyta, Lewandowska-Walter, Aleksandra, Połomski, Piotr, Peplińska, Aleksandra, Hooper, Lisa M.·2021·Frontiers in Psychology
DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635171PMC PMC8039449
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Abstract

Children who experience parentification may have trouble performing developmental tasks due to being overwhelmed by their family caregiving roles and responsibilities. Past studies have found that parentification is negatively associated with academic achievement. However, most of these studies are limited in that they are retrospective and examine the association but not the mechanisms shaping them. The aim of the study was to explore to what extent diverse types of parentification relate to academic achievement and to what extent these relations are mediated by self-reported quality of life among adolescents. The study sample was composed of Polish early adolescents ( N = 191; age: M = 14.61; SD = 1.26). Types of parentification were measured with the Parentification Questionnaire for Youth, and quality of life was assessed with KidScreen27. School achievement was measured based on mean semester grade. We explored the associations among study variables and performed six mediation models in the planned analyses. Overall, bivariate relations were significant in a theoretically expected way, although the effect sizes for these associations were rather small. In the mediation analyses, the results showed that four of the six models were not significant. Different from previous studies, instrumental parentification was positively related to school achievement. Additionally, this positive association was mediated by adolescents’ general quality of life. Taken together, the findings were similar and different from the empirical literature base on types of parentification and select outcomes.

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  • A recent study of Polish adolescents reported parentification prevalence estimates exceeding 30% during COVID-19.

    “A recent study of Polish adolescents reported parentification prevalence estimates exceeding 30% during COVID-19 [8].”

    From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [8]

    The Materials and Methods > Procedure section (page unavailable) says the study was conducted from September to November of the 2017/2018 school year, not during COVID-19. The paper studies parentification among Polish adolescents, but the cited passages do not report a prevalence estimate exceeding 30%. (LLM, conf=0.90)

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  • Other positive life outcomes such as posttraumatic growth, happiness, school achievement, social competence, prosocial behavior, and empathy were studied no more than twice, but findings tentatively suggested that parentification may be associated with beneficial outcomes.

    “Other positive life outcomes such as posttraumatic growth [17,66], happiness [97], school achievement [8], social competence [102], prosocial behavior [42], and empathy [103] were studied no more than twice, but findings tentatively suggested that parentification may be associated with beneficial outcomes.”

    From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [8]

  • More instrumental parentification was linked with better school achievement.

    “For example, more role-fulfilment from parentification was linked with a higher daily happiness rating [97], more instrumental parentification with better school achievement [8], more parental role with more social competence [102], more parentification with better cognitive empathy [103], and better coping skills 6 years later [19].”

    From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [8]

  • Studies also suggested a lack of association between parentification and happiness, between emotional parentification and school achievement, and between parentification and affective cognitive empathy.

    “However, studies also suggested a lack of association between parentification and happiness [97], emotional parentification and school achievement [8], and parentification and affective cognitive empathy [103].”

    From Parentification Vulnerability, Reactivity, Resilience, and Thriving: A Mixed Methods Systematic Literature Review (2023) · cites this paper as [8]

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Authors
Borchet, J., Lewandowska-Walter, A., Połomski, P., Peplińska, A., & Hooper, L. M.
Affiliations
  • University of Gdańsk (PL)
  • University of Northern Iowa (US)
Corresponding author
Borchet, Judyta
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Psychology
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2021-03-29
Volume
12
Pages
635171-635171
ISSN
1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635171
PMC
PMC8039449
OpenAlex
W3149190393
Cited by
26
References
59
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2
FWCI
4.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • UNI ScholarWorks (University of Northern Iowa) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • University of Northern Iowa
  • Narodowe Centrum Nauki (2019/32/T/HS6/00084)
  • Center for Educational Transformation, University of Northern Iowa
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
Keywords
parentification, academic performance, quality of life, early adolescence, mediation, Polish adolescents

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