Cited by 222Human-Automation Interaction and SafetyErgonomics and Human FactorsEmotion and Mood Recognition

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Human Mental Workload: A Survey and a Novel Inclusive Definition

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Longo, Luca, Wickens, Christopher D., Hancock, Gabriella, Hancock, P. A.·2022·Frontiers in Psychology

DOI 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.883321PMC PMC9201728

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Abstract

Human mental workload is arguably the most invoked multidimensional construct in Human Factors and Ergonomics, getting momentum also in Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics. Uncertainties exist in its characterization, motivating the design and development of computational models, thus recently and actively receiving support from the discipline of Computer Science. However, its role in human performance prediction is assured. This work is aimed at providing a synthesis of the current state of the art in human mental workload assessment through considerations, definitions, measurement techniques as well as applications, Findings suggest that, despite an increasing number of associated research works, a single, reliable and generally applicable framework for mental workload research does not yet appear fully established. One reason for this gap is the existence of a wide swath of operational definitions, built upon different theoretical assumptions which are rarely examined collectively. A second reason is that the three main classes of measures, which are self-report, task performance, and physiological indices, have been used in isolation or in pairs, but more rarely in conjunction all together. Multiple definitions complement each another and we propose a novel inclusive definition of mental workload to support the next generation of empirical-based research. Similarly, by comprehensively employing physiological, task-performance, and self-report measures, more robust assessments of mental workload can be achieved.

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Authors: Longo, L., Wickens, C. D., Hancock, G., & Hancock, P. A.
Affiliations: Technological University Dublin (IE)
Colorado State University (US)
University of Central Florida (US)
Corresponding author: Longo, Luca
ORCID: Longo, Luca
Wickens, Christopher D.
Hancock, P. A.
Venue: Frontiers in Psychology
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Published: 2022-06-02
Volume: 13
Pages: 883321-883321
ISSN: 1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.883321
PMC: PMC9201728
OpenAlex: W4281746451
Cited by: 222
References: 222
Citations by year: 2026: 53 · 2025: 72 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 2
FWCI: 6.33
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: corrigendum (2022-07-26)
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Arrow - TU Dublin (Technological University Dublin) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Lenus, The Irish Health Repository (Dr Steevens Hospital Library) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Ergonomics and Human Factors
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Emotion and Mood Recognition
Keywords: mental workload, operational definitions, mental workload assessment, self-report measures, physiological indices, neuroergonomics, human performance prediction

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Human Mental Workload: A Survey and a Novel Inclusive Definition

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