Cited by 8,962Job Satisfaction and Organizational BehaviorEmployee Performance and MotivationHuman Behavior and Motivation

Motivation through the design of work: test of a theory

Hackman, J.Richard, Oldham, Greg R.·1976·Organizational Behavior and Human Performance

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/0030-5073(76)90016-7

Cites

39 of 39 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • The JCM proposes that five core job characteristics directly shape three essential psychological states that enhance employee motivation, job satisfaction, and overall performance.

    “The Job Characteristics Model (JCM) proposes that five core job characteristics -skill variety, task identity, task significance, Autonomy, and Feedback -directly shape three essential psychological states that enhance employee motivation, job satisfaction, and overall performance (Hackman & Oldham, 1976).”
  • The Job Characteristics Model (JCM) posits that specific job characteristics shape employees' psychological states, directly impacting workplace behavior and satisfaction.

    “The model posits that specific job characteristics shape employees' psychological states, directly impacting workplace behavior and satisfaction.”
  • The findings of this study align closely with the Job Characteristics Model (JCM) proposed by Hackman and Oldham (1976).

    “The findings of this study align closely with the Job Characteristics Model (JCM) proposed by Hackman and Oldham (1976), which emphasizes the critical role of job design in enhancing employee motivation, satisfaction, and performance.”
  • These psychological states contribute to higher job satisfaction, increased motivation, and improved overall performance.

    “These psychological states, in turn, contribute to higher job satisfaction, increased motivation, and improved overall performance.”
  • JCM identifies five core job characteristics-skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback-that influence three key psychological states in employees: experienced meaningfulness of work, responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of actual results.

    “JCM identifies five core job characteristics -skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback -that influence three key psychological states in employees: experienced meaningfulness of work, responsibility for outcomes, and knowledge of actual results.”

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Authors
Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R.
Affiliations
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Venue
Organizational Behavior and Human Performance
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1976-08
Volume
16
Issue
2
Pages
250-279
ISSN
0030-5073 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2042623444
Cited by
8,962
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 500 · 2025: 552 · 2024: 460 · 2023: 477 · 2022: 449 · 2021: 402 · 2020: 420 · 2019: 404 · 2018: 444 · 2017: 385 · 2016: 406 · 2015: 405 · 2014: 381 · 2013: 370 · 2012: 374
FWCI
54.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Organizational Behavior and Human Performance (publishedVersion)
  • Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Motivation
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Human Behavior and Motivation
Keywords
job design, intrinsic motivation, job characteristics, job complexity, job challenge, job redesign, employee motivation

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