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Cited by 71Agricultural Science and FertilizationSoil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsPlant Growth and Agriculture Techniques

Effect of Biochar and Inorganic or Organic Fertilizer Co-Application on Soil Properties, Plant Growth and Nutrient Content in Swiss Chard

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Rivelli, Anna Rita, Libutti, Angela·2022·Agronomy
DOI 10.3390/agronomy12092089
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Abstract

From the perspective of sustainable agri-food production, farmers need to make the best use of natural resources. Biochar can be a solution to adopt a more sustainable way of farming. Despite its environmental and agronomic advantages, biochar has a low plant nutrient value. This study evaluated the effect of biochar and the co-application of an inorganic or organic fertilizer on the soil properties, growth and nutrient content of Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cycla, Caryophyllales order, Chenopodiaceae family). The experiment consisted of two factors: biochar type (from vineyard prunings and wood chips) and fertilizing source (ammonium nitrate and vermicompost). Biochars were applied at a 2% rate (w/w) and fertilizers at a dose providing 280 kg N ha−1. The soil properties (pH, EC, extractable anions, cations, total N, Corg and C/N ratio) were measured before the plants were transplanted and at the end of the growing cycle, along with the growth parameters (leaf number, length and fresh weight) of each leaf cut, the productive parameters (total number of leaves and yield per plant) at the end of the growing cycle and the leaf content of anions (NO3−, P2O43−, SO42−), cations (NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) and total N. The co-application of biochar and a fertilizing source had a positive effect on soil properties and leaf nutrient content. Vermicompost increased plant growth by 22% and plant yield by 116%, in contrast to biochar, and increased limited leaf NO3− accumulation by about 81% in comparison to ammonium nitrate. The co-application of biochar and vermicompost is the better option to increase Swiss chard yield while preserving the nutritional and health qualities of the product.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Rivelli, A. R., & Libutti, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Basilicata (IT)
  • University of Foggia (IT)
Corresponding author
Libutti, Angela
ORCID
Venue
Agronomy
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-09-01
Volume
12
Issue
9
Pages
2089
ISSN
2073-4395 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/agronomy12092089
OpenAlex
W4294131775
Cited by
71
References
12
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 2
FWCI
6.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Agronomy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Basilicata) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Plant Growth and Agriculture Techniques
Keywords
biochar, vermicompost, ammonium nitrate, Swiss chard, soil properties, plant growth, leaf nutrient content, vine pruning, wood chips, soil organic carbon, nitrogen accumulation, sustainable agriculture

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