Antimicrobial effects of black soldier fly and yellow mealworm fats and their impact on gut microbiota of growing rabbits.
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Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activities of two types of insect fats extracted from black soldier fly larvae (HI, Hermetia illucens L.) and yellow mealworm larvae (TM, Tenebrio molitor L.) and their effects as dietary replacement of soybean oil (S) on cecal fermentation pattern, and fecal and cecal microbiota in rabbits. A total of 120 weaned rabbits were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments (40 rabbits/group) —a control diet (C diet) containing 1.5% of S and two experimental diets (HI diet (HID) and TM diet (TMD)), where S was totally substituted by HI or TM fats during the whole trial that lasted 41 days. Regarding the in vitro antimicrobial activities, HI and TM fats did not show any effects on Salmonella growth. Yersinia enterocolitica showed significantly lower growth when challenged with HI fats than the controls. The insect fat supplementation in rabbit diets increased the contents of the cecal volatile fatty acids when compared to the control group. A metataxonomic approach was adopted to investigate the shift in the microbial composition as a function of the dietary insect fat supplementation. The microbiota did not show a clear separation as a function of the inclusion, even if a specific microbial signature was observed. Indeed, HI and TM fat supplementation enriched the presence of Akkermansia that was found to be correlated with NH3-N concentration. An increase in Ruminococcus, which can improve the immune response of the host, was also observed. This study confirms the potential of HI and TM fats as antibacterial feed ingredients with a positive influence on the rabbit cecal microbiota, thus supporting the possibility of including HI and TM fats in rabbit diets.
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Lauric acid and glycerol monolaurate can modulate intestinal health by regulating the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α.
“They can modulate intestinal health by regulating the level of IL-6 and TNF-α (Dabbou et al., 2020)”
From Insect Derived Lauric Acid as Promising Alternative Strategy to Antibiotics in the Antimicrobial Resistance Scenario (2021) · cites this paper as Dabbou et al., 2020
The Introduction (page unavailable) says lauric acid can modulate intestinal health and reports that black soldier fly fat reduced gastrointestinal inflammation by modulating IL-6 and TNF-α in turkeys. It does not attribute that cytokine effect specifically to lauric acid or glycerol monolaurate; the latter is not discussed as an agent with that effect. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHermetia illucens oil in growing rabbits significantly lowered growth of Yersinia enterocolitica and positively influenced the cecal microbiota.
“| HI oil | Growing rabbits | Significantly lower growth of Yersinia enterocolitica, positive influence on the cecal microbiota | Dabbou et al., 2020 |”
From Insect Derived Lauric Acid as Promising Alternative Strategy to Antibiotics in the Antimicrobial Resistance Scenario (2021) · cites this paper as Dabbou et al., 2020
The Results (§3.1; page not provided) report significantly lower Yersinia enterocolitica growth in broth challenged with Hermetia illucens fat, not in growing rabbits. The Discussion (§4) suggests a positive effect of dietary insect fats on rabbits’ cecal microbiota, but presents that interpretation cautiously. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe presence of insect-derived lauric acid in animal feed could prevent the use of conventional antibiotics in meat production, limiting the diffusion of microbes harboring antimicrobial resistance genes.
“The presence of insect-derived LA in animal feed could prevent the use of conventional antibiotics in meat production, limiting the diffusion of microbes harboring AMR genes (Dabbou et al., 2020).”
From Insect Derived Lauric Acid as Promising Alternative Strategy to Antibiotics in the Antimicrobial Resistance Scenario (2021) · cites this paper as Dabbou et al., 2020
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- Authors
- Dabbou, S., Ferrocino, I., Gasco, L., Schiavone, A., Trocino, A., Xiccato, G., Barroeta, A. C., Maione, S., Soglia, D., Biasato, I., Cocolin, L., Gai, F., & Nucera, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Fondazione Edmund Mach (IT)
- University of Turin (IT)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Gasco, Laura
- ORCID
- Venue
- Animals
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-07-28
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1292
- ISSN
- 2076-2615 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7460256
- OpenAlex
- W3046067690
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 6.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Animals (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System (Università degli Studi di Trento) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Cassa Risparmio Torino (GASL_RIC_N_COMP_18_02)
- University of Turin (BIAI_RILO_19_01)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect Utilization and Effects
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Rabbits: Nutrition, Reproduction, Health
- Keywords
- Hermetia illucens, Tenebrio molitor, soybean oil replacement, rabbit nutrition, cecal microbiota, gut microbiota, volatile fatty acids, Akkermansia, Ruminococcus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella, ammonia nitrogen, cecal fermentation
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