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Cited by 8Antibiotic Resistance in BacteriaPharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental ImpactsAntibiotic Use and Resistance

Comprehensive Metagenomic Analysis of Veterinary Probiotics in Broiler Chickens

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Kerek, Ádám, Román, István László, Szabó, Ábel, Papp, Márton, Bányai, Krisztián, Kardos, Gábor, Kaszab, Eszter, Bali, Krisztina +2 more·2024·Animals
DOI 10.3390/ani14131927PMC PMC11240415
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Abstract

Probiotics are widely used in broiler chickens to support the gut microbiome, gut health, and to reduce the amount of antibiotics used. Despite their benefits, there is concern over their ability to carry and spread antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), posing a significant public health risk. This study utilized next-generation sequencing to investigate ARGs in probiotics approved for poultry, focusing on their potential to be transferred via mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and phages. We examined the gut microbiome and resistome changes in 60 broiler chickens over their rearing period, correlating these changes with different probiotic treatments. Specific resistance mechanisms against critically important antibiotics were identified, including genes related to fluoroquinolone resistance and peptide antibiotic resistance. We also found genes with significant relevance to public health (aadK, AAC(6′)-Ii) and multiple drug-resistance genes (vmlR, ykkC, ykkD, msrC, clbA, eatAv). Only one phage-encoded gene (dfrA43) was detected, with no evidence of plasmid or mobile genetic element transmission. Additionally, metagenomic analysis of fecal samples showed no significant changes corresponding to time or diet across groups. Our findings highlight the potential risks associated with the use of probiotics in poultry, particularly regarding the carriage of ARGs. It is crucial to conduct further research into the molecular genetics of probiotics to develop strategies that mitigate the risk of resistance gene transfer in agriculture, ensuring the safe and effective use of probiotics in animal husbandry.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kerek, Á., Román, I. L., Szabó, Á., Papp, M., Bányai, K., Kardos, G., Kaszab, E., Bali, K., Makrai, L., & Jerzsele, Á.
Affiliations
  • University of Veterinary Medicine (HU)
  • Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
  • University of Debrecen (HU)
  • Autovakcina Kft., Szabadság sgrt. 57, H-1171 Budapest, Hungary
Corresponding author
Kerek, Ádám
ORCID
Venue
Animals
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2024-06-29
Volume
14
Issue
13
Pages
1927
ISSN
2076-2615 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ani14131927
PMC
PMC11240415
OpenAlex
W4400209737
Cited by
8
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 3
FWCI
1.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Animals (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • University of Debrecen Electronic Archive (University of Debrecen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) (RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00001, RRF-2.3.1-21)
  • National Recovery Fund budget estimate (RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00001, RRF-2.3.1-21)
  • National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund (RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00001, RRF-2.3.1-21)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
Keywords
veterinary probiotics, broiler chickens, antimicrobial resistance genes, resistome, gut microbiota, antibiotic use reduction, mobile genetic elements, plasmids, bacteriophages, fluoroquinolone resistance, critically important antibiotics, aac(6')-II, multidrug resistance genes, public health risk

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