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Cited by 191Curcumin's Biomedical ApplicationsDrug Solubulity and Delivery SystemsAdvanced Drug Delivery Systems

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Formulations of Curcumin Nanoparticles for Brain Diseases

Open access
Del Prado-Audelo, María L., Caballero-Florán, Isaac H., Meza-Toledo, Jorge A., Mendoza-Muñoz, Néstor, González-Torres, Maykel, Florán, Benjamín, Cortés, Hernán, Leyva-Gómez, Gerardo·2019·Biomolecules
DOI 10.3390/biom9020056PMC PMC6406762
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Abstract

Curcumin is a polyphenol that is obtained from Curcuma longa and used in various areas, such as food and textiles. Curcumin has important anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that allow it to be applied as treatment for several emerging pathologies. Remarkably, there are an elevated number of publications deriving from the terms “curcumin” and “curcumin brain diseases”, which highlights the increasing impact of this polyphenol and the high number of study groups investigating their therapeutic actions. However, its lack of solubility in aqueous media, as well as its poor bioavailability in biological systems, represent limiting factors for its successful application. In this review article, the analysis of its chemical composition and the pivotal mechanisms for brain applications are addressed in a global manner. Furthermore, we emphasize the use of nanoparticles with curcumin and the benefits that have been reached as an example of the extensive advances in this area of health.

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Crossref · 10.3390/biom9020056

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Figures

Figure 1 Chemical structure of curcumin and keto–enol tautomerism.
Figure 1 Chemical structure of curcumin and keto–enol tautomerism.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Thermal analysis of curcumin. Thermogravimetric analysis ((a), green line) and differential scanning calorimetry ((b), blue line). Melting point of curcumin is indicated at 174.05 °C.
Figure 2 Thermal analysis of curcumin. Thermogravimetric analysis ((a), green line) and differential scanning calorimetry ((b), blue line). Melting point of curcumin is indicated at 174.05 °C.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Curcumin dissolved in different mediums. (A) Curcumin in an acidic solution (pH 3.5); and (B) curcumin in a neutral solution (pH 7.4); both with the addition of 1% Tween 80 in order to increase solubility. (C) Curcumin in a basic solution (pH 12).
Figure 3 Curcumin dissolved in different mediums. (A) Curcumin in an acidic solution (pH 3.5); and (B) curcumin in a neutral solution (pH 7.4); both with the addition of 1% Tween 80 in order to increase solubility. (C) Curcumin in a basic solution (pH 12).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometric scanning of curcumin. (a) Absorption in methanol, maximum peak of absorption found at 420 nm; (b) Absorption in neutral medium, maximum peak of absorption found at 420 nm; and (c) Absorption in basic medium, maximum peak of absorption found at 470 nm.
Figure 4 Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometric scanning of curcumin. (a) Absorption in methanol, maximum peak of absorption found at 420 nm; (b) Absorption in neutral medium, maximum peak of absorption found at 420 nm; and (c) Absorption in basic medium, maximum peak of absorption found at 470 nm.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of curcumin. Characteristic bands of the molecule are indicated with arrows.
Figure 5 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of curcumin. Characteristic bands of the molecule are indicated with arrows.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 6 Potential applications of curcumin. Due to the structure of curcumin, this molecule could be applied as treatment for a wide range of disorders, such as chronic diseases, inflammatory disorders, infections of diverse etiology, and other conditions. Adapted with permission from [26]. 2007, Springer Nature.
Figure 6 Potential applications of curcumin. Due to the structure of curcumin, this molecule could be applied as treatment for a wide range of disorders, such as chronic diseases, inflammatory disorders, infections of diverse etiology, and other conditions. Adapted with permission from [26]. 2007, Springer Nature.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 7 Curcumin is a pleiotropic agent with multiple molecular targets. This molecule could modify the expression of genes, inflammatory cytokines, transcriptional and growth factors, enzymes, and receptors, among others. Adapted with permission from [26]. 2007, Springer Nature.
Figure 7 Curcumin is a pleiotropic agent with multiple molecular targets. This molecule could modify the expression of genes, inflammatory cytokines, transcriptional and growth factors, enzymes, and receptors, among others. Adapted with permission from [26]. 2007, Springer Nature.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 8 Signaling pathways modulated by curcumin. Up and green arrows indicate the intermediaries upregulated by curcumin; meanwhile, down and red arrows indicate the intermediaries downregulated by curcumin. Adapted with permission from [26]. 2007, Springer Nature.
Figure 8 Signaling pathways modulated by curcumin. Up and green arrows indicate the intermediaries upregulated by curcumin; meanwhile, down and red arrows indicate the intermediaries downregulated by curcumin. Adapted with permission from [26]. 2007, Springer Nature.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 9 Antioxidant mechanism of curcumin. There are two mechanisms to form phenoxyl radicals. The first mechanism (A) begins by initial electron transfer to the free radical; thus, a radical cation is formed, which produces a phenoxyl radical by a proton loss. The second mechanism (B) is related to direct hydrogen abstraction. Based on the bond dissociation energies, many authors suggest that the most susceptible target for free radicals in curcumin is phenolic OH.
Figure 9 Antioxidant mechanism of curcumin. There are two mechanisms to form phenoxyl radicals. The first mechanism (A) begins by initial electron transfer to the free radical; thus, a radical cation is formed, which produces a phenoxyl radical by a proton loss. The second mechanism (B) is related to direct hydrogen abstraction. Based on the bond dissociation energies, many authors suggest that the most susceptible target for free radicals in curcumin is phenolic OH.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 10 Curcumin solubility: (A) Curcumin showed poor solubility in aqueous medium; (B) the use of the nanoplatforms increased the drug solubility. Curcumin was entrapped in poly-ε-caprolactone nanoparticles stabilized by Pluronic F68 (Thermofisher, Whaltam, USA), with size of 170 nm and zeta potential of −7 mV.
Figure 10 Curcumin solubility: (A) Curcumin showed poor solubility in aqueous medium; (B) the use of the nanoplatforms increased the drug solubility. Curcumin was entrapped in poly-ε-caprolactone nanoparticles stabilized by Pluronic F68 (Thermofisher, Whaltam, USA), with size of 170 nm and zeta potential of −7 mV.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 11 Atomic force microscopy (AFM) microscopy of curcumin poly-ε-caprolactone nanoparticles in two magnifications, left and right. Images in AFM (A), 2D (B) and 3D (C) mode.
Figure 11 Atomic force microscopy (AFM) microscopy of curcumin poly-ε-caprolactone nanoparticles in two magnifications, left and right. Images in AFM (A), 2D (B) and 3D (C) mode.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Citations

Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Alsamydai, 2018, Pharmacological aspects of curcumin: Review article, Int. J. Pharmacogn., 5, 313
  2. Andrew, W. (2017). Nanostructures for curcumin delivery: Posibilities and challenges. Nano and -Micro Drug Delivery Systems, Elsevier Science Ltd Desing and Fabrication.
  3. Sharma, 2012, Development and validation of UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of curcumin in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage forms, Int. J. Drug Dev. Res., 4, 375

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Metadata

Authors
Del Prado-Audelo, M. L., Caballero-Florán, I. H., Meza-Toledo, J. A., Mendoza-Muñoz, N., González-Torres, M., Florán, B., Cortés, H., & Leyva-Gómez, G.
Affiliations
  • Laboratorio de Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, FES-Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54740, Mexico
  • Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (MX)
  • Universidad del Valle de México (MX)
  • Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, C.P. Colima 28400, México
  • CONACyT-Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico
  • Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica & Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico
  • Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (MX)
  • Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior S/N, Del. Coyoacán, C.P. Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
Corresponding author
Cortés, Hernán
ORCID
Venue
Biomolecules
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2019-02-08
Volume
9
Issue
2
Pages
56
ISSN
2218-273X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/biom9020056
PMC
PMC6406762
OpenAlex
W2913877945
Cited by
191
References
129
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 11
FWCI
1.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Biomolecules (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (PAPIIT TA 200318)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Curcumin's Biomedical Applications
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Drug Solubulity and Delivery Systems
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
Keywords
curcumin, curcumin nanoparticles, brain disorders, nanoparticle drug delivery, bioavailability, water solubility, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, polyphenols, neurodegenerative diseases
MeSH terms
Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Brain Diseases, Curcumin, Humans, Temperature, Molecular Structure, Curcuma, Nanoparticles

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