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Cancer Extracellular Vesicles: Next-Generation Diagnostic and Drug Delivery Nanotools

Palazzolo, Stefano, Memeo, Lorenzo, Hadla, Mohamad, Duzagac, Fahriye, Steffan, Agostino, Perin, Tiziana, Canzonieri, Vincenzo, Tuccinardi, Tiziano, Caligiuri, Isabella, Rizzolio, Flavio·2020·Cancers
DOI 10.3390/cancers12113165PMC PMC7692229
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Abstract

Nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) with dimensions ranging from 100 to 1000 nm are continuously secreted from different cells in their extracellular environment. They are able to encapsulate and transfer various biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, that play an essential role in cell‒cell communication, reflecting a novel method of extracellular cross-talk. Since EVs are present in large amounts in most bodily fluids, challengeable hypotheses are analyzed to unlock their potential roles. Here, we review EVs by discussing their specific characteristics (structure, formation, composition, and isolation methods), focusing on their key role in cell biology. Furthermore, this review will summarize the biomedical applications of EVs, in particular those between 30 and 150 nm (like exosomes), as next-generation diagnostic tools in liquid biopsy for cancer and as novel drug delivery vehicles.

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Metadata

Authors
Palazzolo, S., Memeo, L., Hadla, M., Duzagac, F., Steffan, A., Perin, T., Canzonieri, V., Tuccinardi, T., Caligiuri, I., & Rizzolio, F.
Affiliations
  • Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
  • Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Catania, Italy
  • Biofield Innovation, 35127 Padova, Italy
  • Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University, 30170 Venezia-Mestre, Italy
  • Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
  • Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
ORCID
Venue
Cancers
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-10-28
Volume
12
Issue
11
Pages
3165
ISSN
2072-6694
DOI
10.3390/cancers12113165
PMC
PMC7692229
Cited by
34
References
13
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Funders
Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (IG23566)

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