The DOI matches its Crossref record; 85 of the 85 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Keratin 6, 16 and 17—Critical Barrier Alarmin Molecules in Skin Wounds and Psoriasis
Open accessAbstract
Located at the skin surface, keratinocytes (KCs) are constantly exposed to external stimuli and are the first responders to invading pathogens and injury. Upon skin injury, activated KCs secrete an array of alarmin molecules, providing a rapid and specific innate immune response against danger signals. However, dysregulation of the innate immune response of KCs may lead to uncontrolled inflammation and psoriasis pathogenesis. Keratins (KRT) are the major structural intermediate filament proteins in KCs and are expressed in a highly specific pattern at different differentiation stages of KCs. While KRT14-KRT5 is restricted to basal proliferative KCs, and KRT10-KRT1 is restricted to suprabasal differentiated KCs in normal skin epidermis, the wound proximal KCs downregulate KRT10-K1 and upregulate KRT16/KRT17-KRT6 upon skin injury. Recent studies have recognized KRT6/16/17 as key early barrier alarmins and upregulation of these keratins alters proliferation, cell adhesion, migration and inflammatory features of KCs, contributing to hyperproliferation and innate immune activation of KCs in response to an epidermal barrier breach, followed by the autoimmune activation of T cells that drives psoriasis. Here, we have reviewed how keratins are dysregulated during skin injury, their roles in wound repairs and in initiating the innate immune system and the subsequent autoimmune amplification that arises in psoriasis.
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Cited by
Huang, J., Heng, S., Zhang, W., Liu, Y., Xia, T., Ji, C., & Zhang, L.-J. (2022) · Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.02.027 · Cited by 238
Self-citationThe Role of Th17-Related Cytokines in Atopic Dermatitis
Sugaya, M. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21041314 · Cited by 204
TREM2 macrophages induced by human lipids drive inflammation in acne lesions
Do, T. H., Ma, F., Andrade, P. R., Teles, R., de Andrade Silva, B. J., Hu, C., Espinoza, A., Hsu, J.-E., Cho, C.-S., Kim, M., et al. (2022) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.abo2787 · Cited by 139
Keratin Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing, an Old Player in Modern Medicine: A Mini Review
Konop, M., Rybka, M., & Drapała, A. (2021) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics13122029 · Cited by 96
Tracing the evolutionary origin of desmosomes
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, X., Yin, M., & Zhang, L.-J.
- Venue
- Cells
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-08-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 807
- ISSN
- 2073-4409 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2965238520
- Cited by
- 417
- References
- 85
- FWCI
- 14.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- Zhang, X., Yin, M., & Zhang, L.-J. (2019). Keratin 6, 16 and 17—Critical Barrier Alarmin Molecules in Skin Wounds and Psoriasis. Cells. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8080807
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