Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Major Figures that Shape the Immunosuppressive and Angiogenic Network in Cancer
Open accessAbstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute a vast population of immature myeloid cells implicated in various conditions. Most notably, their role in cancer is of great complexity. They exert immunosuppressive functions like hampering cancer immunity mediated by T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, while simultaneously they can recruit T regulatory cells to further promote immunosuppression, thus shielding tumor cells against the immune defenses. In addition, they were shown to support tumor invasion and metastasis by inducing vascularization. Yet again, in order to exert their angiogenic activities, they do have at their disposal a variety of occasionally overlapping mechanisms, mainly driven by VEGF/JAK/STAT signaling. In this concept, they have risen to be a rather attractive target for therapies, including depletion or maturation, so as to overcome cancer immunity and suppress angiogenic activity. Even though, many studies have been conducted to better understand these cells, there is much to be done yet. This article hopes to shed some light on the paradoxal complexity of these cells, while elucidating some of the key features of MDSCs in relation to immunosuppression and, most importantly, to the vascularization processes, along with current therapeutic options in cancer, in relation to MDSC depletion.
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HIF activation in hypoxia enhances immune suppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
“Furthermore, HIF activation in hypoxia enhances immune suppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells [50].”
From Hypoxia Signaling in Cancer: From Basics to Clinical Practice (2021) · cites this paper as [50]
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C/EBP-δ positively regulates MDSC expansion and endothelial VEGFR2 expression in tumor development
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Delineating Pro-Angiogenic Myeloid Cells in Cancer Therapy
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Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
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Phototherapy in cancer treatment: strategies and challenges
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Tumor hypoxia: From basic knowledge to therapeutic implications
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Hypoxia Signaling in Cancer: From Basics to Clinical Practice
Sebestyén, A., Kopper, L., Dankó, T., & Tímár, J. (2021) · Pathology and Oncology Research · doi:10.3389/pore.2021.1609802 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
- Authors
- Vetsika, E.-K., Koukos, A., & Kotsakis, A.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- University of Crete (GR)
- University of Thessaly (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Kotsakis, Athanasios
- Venue
- Cells
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-12-15
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1647
- ISSN
- 2073-4409 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6953061
- OpenAlex
- W2994769926
- Cited by
- 125
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 1.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cells (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Thessaly Institutional Repository (University of Thessaly) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- myeloid-derived suppressor cells, tumor immunosuppression, tumor angiogenesis, regulatory T cells, metastasis, tumor vascularization, cancer immunotherapy
- MeSH terms
- Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, Humans, Immune Tolerance, Immunosuppression Therapy, Killer Cells, Natural, Neoplasms, T-Lymphocytes, Signal Transduction, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Myeloid Cells, Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors, Tumor Microenvironment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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