Cited by 125Immune cells in cancerAngiogenesis and VEGF in CancerImmunotherapy and Immune Responses

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: Major Figures that Shape the Immunosuppressive and Angiogenic Network in Cancer

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Vetsika, Eleni-Kyriaki, Koukos, Aristeidis, Kotsakis, Athanasios·2019·Cells

Abstract

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) constitute a vast population of immature myeloid cells implicated in various conditions. Most notably, their role in cancer is of great complexity. They exert immunosuppressive functions like hampering cancer immunity mediated by T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, while simultaneously they can recruit T regulatory cells to further promote immunosuppression, thus shielding tumor cells against the immune defenses. In addition, they were shown to support tumor invasion and metastasis by inducing vascularization. Yet again, in order to exert their angiogenic activities, they do have at their disposal a variety of occasionally overlapping mechanisms, mainly driven by VEGF/JAK/STAT signaling. In this concept, they have risen to be a rather attractive target for therapies, including depletion or maturation, so as to overcome cancer immunity and suppress angiogenic activity. Even though, many studies have been conducted to better understand these cells, there is much to be done yet. This article hopes to shed some light on the paradoxal complexity of these cells, while elucidating some of the key features of MDSCs in relation to immunosuppression and, most importantly, to the vascularization processes, along with current therapeutic options in cancer, in relation to MDSC depletion.

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  • HIF activation in hypoxia enhances immune suppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.

    “Furthermore, HIF activation in hypoxia enhances immune suppressive effects of myeloid-derived suppressor cells [50].”

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Authors
Vetsika, E.-K., Koukos, A., & Kotsakis, A.
Affiliations
  • National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
  • University of Crete (GR)
  • University of Thessaly (GR)
Corresponding author
Kotsakis, Athanasios
Venue
Cells
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2019-12-15
Volume
8
Issue
12
Pages
1647
ISSN
2073-4409 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2994769926
Cited by
125
References
96
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
FWCI
1.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cells (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • University of Thessaly Institutional Repository (University of Thessaly) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Keywords
myeloid-derived suppressor cells, tumor immunosuppression, tumor angiogenesis, regulatory T cells, metastasis, tumor vascularization, cancer immunotherapy
MeSH terms
Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, Humans, Immune Tolerance, Immunosuppression Therapy, Killer Cells, Natural, Neoplasms, T-Lymphocytes, Signal Transduction, Neovascularization, Physiologic, Myeloid Cells, Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors, Tumor Microenvironment

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