Revisiting Aurochs Haplogroup C: Paleogenomic Perspectives from Northeastern China
Open accessAbstract
Background/Objectives: Aurochs (Bos primigenius), one of the earliest and largest herbivores domesticated by humans, were widely distributed in Eurasia and North Africa during the Pleistocene and Holocene. Studies of aurochs in China have focused mainly on the Northeastern region. Previous studies have suggested that haplogroup C is a haplogroup unique to China, but recent studies have shown that this is not the case. We have compiled all data on haplogroup C to revisit the classification of the aurochs haplogroup C. Methods: In this study, we obtained 13 nearly complete mitochondrial genomes from Late Pleistocene to early Holocene bovine samples from Northeastern China through fossil sample collection, ancient DNA extraction, library construction, and high-throughput sequencing. Based on the acquired ancient DNA data and in combination with previously published bovine data, the phylogenetic status, lineage divergence time, and population dynamics of aurochs in Northeastern China were analyzed. Results: Phylogenetic analyses and divergence time estimations suggest that the current definition of haplogroup C is overly inclusive, necessitating a refined reclassification of this haplogroup. We also estimated the population dynamics of aurochs in Northeastern China using Bayesian skyline plots found that the maternal effective population size of the aurochs increased significantly during Marine Isotope Stage 5 (MIS5), but began to decrease in the second half of MIS3 before they eventually became extinct. Conclusions: Our results provide new molecular evidence on the phylogenetic status, divergence time, and population dynamics of aurochs in Northeastern China.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Ancient DNA from fossils in Northeast China has revealed a unique C haplogroup associated with East Asian aurochs.
“In East Asia, ancient DNA from fossils in Northeast China has revealed a unique C haplogroup associated with East Asian aurochs [17,18,19].”
From The Genomic Landscape of Cattle: Domestication, Dispersal, and Adaptive Evolution (2026) · cites this paper as [19]
The Introduction reports that haplogroup C was described from a Late Pleistocene auroch specimen in Northeastern China, and the Discussion says the study’s specimens belong to it. But the Introduction also reports haplogroup C in Russia and Kazakhstan, so the source does not support ‘unique’ if it means exclusive to East Asian aurochs. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDuring the Holocene, the North Asian wild populations declined and ultimately became extinct in Northeast China as a result of climate deterioration and intensified human activity.
“During the Holocene, the North Asian wild populations declined and ultimately became extinct in Northeast China as a result of climate deterioration and intensified human activity [19].”
From The Genomic Landscape of Cattle: Domestication, Dispersal, and Adaptive Evolution (2026) · cites this paper as [19]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools
Li, H., Handsaker, B., Wysoker, A., Fennell, T., Ruan, J., Homer, N., Marth, G., Abecasis, G., Durbin, R., & 1000 Genome Project Data Processing Subgroup (2009) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352 · Cited by 62,041 · see citing works
fastp: an ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor
(2018) · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bty560 · Cited by 29,721 · see citing works
MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast Fourier transform
Katoh, K. (2002) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkf436 · Cited by 17,027 · see citing works
IQ-TREE 2: New Models and Efficient Methods for Phylogenetic Inference in the Genomic Era
Minh, B. Q., Schmidt, H. A., Chernomor, O., Schrempf, D., Woodhams, M. D., von Haeseler, A., & Lanfear, R. (2020) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msaa015 · Cited by 16,873 · see citing works
jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing
Darriba, D., Taboada, G. L., Doallo, R., & Posada, D. (2012) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2109 · Cited by 16,828 · see citing works
Fast and accurate long-read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform.
Li, H., & Durbin, R. (2010) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp698 · Cited by 12,063 · see citing works
Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for inference of large phylogenetic trees
Miller, M. A., Pfeiffer, W., & Schwartz, T. (2010) · doi:10.1109/gce.2010.5676129 · Cited by 11,531 · see citing works
Posterior summarization in Bayesian phylogenetics using tracer 1.7
Rambaut, A., Drummond, A. J., Xie, D., Baele, G., & Suchard, M. A. (2018) · Systematic Biology · doi:10.1093/sysbio/syy032 · Cited by 11,159 · see citing works
Bayesian Phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7
Drummond, A. J., Suchard, M. A., Xie, D., & Rambaut, A. (2012) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/mss075 · Cited by 9,991 · see citing works
ANGSD: Analysis of Next Generation Sequencing Data
Korneliussen, T. S., Albrechtsen, A., & Nielsen, R. (2014) · BMC Bioinformatics · doi:10.1186/s12859-014-0356-4 · Cited by 2,982 · see citing works
The Holocene Asian Monsoon: Links to Solar Changes and North Atlantic Climate
Wang, Y., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., He, Y., Kong, X., An, Z., Wu, J., Kelly, M. J., Dykoski, C. A., & Li, X. D. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1106296 · Cited by 2,609 · see citing works
Illumina Sequencing Library Preparation for Highly Multiplexed Target Capture and SequencingPreprint
Meyer, M., & Kircher, M. (2010) · Cold Spring Harbor Protocols · doi:10.1101/pdb.prot5448 · Cited by 2,233 · see citing works
Qualimap 2: advanced multi-sample quality control for high-throughput sequencing data
Okonechnikov, K., Conesa, A., & García-Alcalde, F. (2016) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btv566 · Cited by 2,145 · see citing works
mapDamage2.0: fast approximate Bayesian estimates of ancient DNA damage parameters
Jónsson, H., Ginolhac, A., Schubert, M., Johnson, P. L. F., & Orlando, L. (2013) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btt193 · Cited by 1,669 · see citing works
Anderson, S., de Bruijn, M. H. L., Coulson, A. R., Eperon, I. C., Sanger, F., & Young, I. G. (1982) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(82)90137-1 · Cited by 1,472 · see citing works
Genetic Evidence for Near-Eastern Origins of European Cattle
Troy, C. S., MacHugh, D. E., Bailey, J. F., Magee, D. A., Loftus, R. T., Cunningham, P., Chamberlain, A. T., Sykes, B. C., & Bradley, D. G. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35074088 · Cited by 627 · see citing works
Single-stranded DNA library preparation for the sequencing of ancient or damaged DNA
Gansauge, M.-T., & Meyer, M. (2013) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2013.038 · Cited by 541 · see citing works
Chen, N., Cai, Y., Chen, Q., Li, R., Wang, K., Huang, Y., Hu, S., Huang, S., Zhang, H., Zheng, Z., et al. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04737-0 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Self-citationMitochondrial Genomes of Extinct Aurochs Survive in Domestic Cattle
Achilli, A., Olivieri, A., Pellecchia, M., Uboldi, C., Colli, L., Al-Zahery, N., Accetturo, M., Pala, M., Kashani, B. H., Perego, U. A., et al. (2008) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.01.019 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
On the Origin of Cattle: How Aurochs Became Cattle and Colonized the World
Ajmone‐Marsan, P., Garcia, J. F., & Lenstra, J. A. (2010) · Evolutionary Anthropology Issues News and Reviews · doi:10.1002/evan.20267 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Edwards, C. J., Bollongino, R., Scheu, A., Chamberlain, A., Tresset, A., Vigne, J.-D., Baird, J. F., Larson, G., Ho, S. Y. W., Heupink, T. H., et al. (2007) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.0020 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Park, S. D. E., Magee, D. A., McGettigan, P., Teasdale, M. D., Edwards, C. J., Lohan, A. J., Murphy, A., Braud, M., Donoghue, M. T. A., Liu, Y., et al. (2015) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0790-2 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Ancient Cattle Genomics, Origins, and Rapid Turnover in the Fertile Crescent
Verdugo, M. P., Mullin, V. E., Scheu, A., Mattiangeli, V., Daly, K. G., Maisano Delser, P., Hare, A. J., Burger, J., Collins, M. J., Kehati, R., et al. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aav1002 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
The Multifaceted Origin of Taurine Cattle Reflected by the Mitochondrial Genome
Achilli, A., Bonfiglio, S., Olivieri, A., Malusà, A., Pala, M., Kashani, B. H., Perego, U. A., Ajmone-Marsan, P., Liotta, L., Semino, O., et al. (2009) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005753 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Hiendleder, S., Lewalski, H., & Janke, A. (2008) · Cytogenetic and Genome Research · doi:10.1159/000118756 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Bonfiglio, S., Achilli, A., Olivieri, A., Negrini, R., Colli, L., Liotta, L., Ajmone-Marsan, P., Torroni, A., & Ferretti, L. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015760 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Morphological and genetic evidence for early Holocene cattle management in northeastern China
Zhang, H., Paijmans, J. L. A., Chang, F., Wu, X., Chen, G., Lei, C., Yang, X., Wei, Z., Bradley, D. G., Orlando, L., et al. (2013) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms3755 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Self-citationOrigin and Spread of Bos taurus: New Clues from Mitochondrial Genomes Belonging to Haplogroup T1
Bonfiglio, S., Ginja, C., De Gaetano, A., Achilli, A., Olivieri, A., Colli, L., Tesfaye, K., Agha, S. H., Gama, L. T., Cattonaro, F., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038601 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
A Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence from a Mesolithic Wild Aurochs (Bos primigenius)
Edwards, C. J., Magee, D. A., Park, S. D. E., McGettigan, P., Lohan, A. J., Murphy, A., Finlay, E. K., Shapiro, B., Chamberlain, A. T., Richards, M. B., et al. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009255 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
The Origins of Chinese Domestic Cattle as Revealed by Ancient DNA Analysis
Cai, D., Sun, Y., Tang, Z., Hu, S., Li, W., Zhao, X., Xiang, H., & Zhou, H. (2014) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2013.09.003 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Zhang, C., Zhao, C., Zhou, A., Zhang, H., Liu, W., Feng, X., Sun, X., Yan, T., Leng, C., Shen, J., et al. (2021) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106819 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Hongo, H., Pearson, J. A., Öksüz, B., & İLGEZDİ, G. (2009) · Anthropozoologica · doi:10.5252/az2009n1a3 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Mannen, H., MORIMOTO, M., Oyama, K., Mukai, F., & Tsuji, S. (2003) · Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.2527/2003.81168x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Past climate changes, population dynamics and the origin of Bison in Europe
Massilani, D., Guimarães, S. M. F., Brugal, J., Bennett, E. A., Tokarska, M., Arbogast, R., Baryshnikov, G., Boeskorov, G. G., Castel, J., Davydov, S. P., et al. (2016) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/s12915-016-0317-7 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Brunson, K., Zhao, X., He, N., Dai, X., Rodrigues, A. T., & Yang, D. Y. (2016) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2016.08.008 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Ancient DNA Reveals Evidence of Abundant Aurochs (Bos Primigenius) in Neolithic Northeast China
Cai, D., Zhang, N., Zhu, S., Chen, Q., Wang, L., Zhao, X., Ma, X., Royle, T. C. A., Zhou, H., & Yang, D. Y. (2018) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2018.08.003 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Complex Admixture Preceded and Followed the Extinction of Wisent in the Wild
Wȩcek, K., Hartmann, S. A., Paijmans, J. L. A., Taron, U. H., Xenikoudakis, G., Cahill, J. A., Heintzman, P. D., Shapiro, B., Baryshnikov, G., Bunevich, A. N., et al. (2016) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msw254 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationHorsburgh, K. A., Prost, S., Gosling, A. L., Stanton, J. L., Rand, C. J., & Matisoo-Smith, E. A. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071956 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Martínez‐Navarro, B., Karoui-Yaakoub, N., Oms, O., Amri, L., López‐García, J. M., Zerai, K., Blain, H., Mtimet, M. S., Ortiz, M. P. E., Ali, N. B. H., et al. (2014) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.02.016 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Tracking of wisent–bison–yak mitochondrial evolution
Zeyland, J., Wolko, Ł., Lipiński, D., Woźniak, A., Nowak, A., Szalata, M., Bocianowski, J., & Słomski, R. (2012) · Journal of Applied Genetics · doi:10.1007/s13353-012-0090-4 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Xia, X., Achilli, A., Lenstra, J. A., Tong, B., Ma, Y., Huang, Y., Han, J., Sun, Z., Chen, H., Lei, C., et al. (2021) · Heredity · doi:10.1038/s41437-021-00428-7 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Abundant Genetic Diversity of Yunling Cattle Based on Mitochondrial Genome
Xia, X., Qu, K., Li, F., Jia, P., Chen, Q., Chen, N., Zhang, J., Chen, H., Huang, B., & Lei, C. (2019) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani9090641 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Genomic Natural History of the Aurochs
Rossi, C., Sinding, M.-H. S., Mullin, V. E., Scheu, A., Erven, J. A. M., Verdugo, M. P., Daly, K. G., Ciucani, M. M., Mattiangeli, V., Teasdale, M. D., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08112-6 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Paleogenome Reveals Genetic Contribution of Extinct Giant Panda to Extant Populations
Sheng, G., Basler, N., Ji, X.-P., Paijmans, J. L. A., Alberti, F., Preick, M., Hartmann, S. A., Westbury, M. V., Yuan, J.-X., Jablonski, N. G., et al. (2019) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.04.021 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationWhole-Genome Capture of Ancient DNA Using Homemade Baits
Fortes, G. G., & Paijmans, J. L. A. (2019) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9176-1_11 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Ancient DNA analysis of Scandinavian medieval drinking horns and the horn of the last aurochs bull
Bro‐Jørgensen, M. H., Carøe, C., Vieira, F. G., Nestor, S., Hallström, A., Gregersen, K. M., Etting, V., Gilbert, M. T. P., & Sinding, M. S. (2018) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2018.09.001 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Wild Aurochs (Bos Primigenius) Reconstructed from Ancient DNA
Zeyland, J., Wolko, Ł., Bocianowski, J., Szalata, M., Słomski, R., Dzieduszycki, A. M., Ryba, M., Przystałowska, H., & Lipiński, D. (2013) · Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences · doi:10.2478/pjvs-2013-0037 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Evolution and Legacy of East Asian Aurochs
Hou, J., Guan, X., Xia, X., Lyu, Y., Liu, X., Mazei, Y., Xie, P., Chang, F., Zhang, X., Chen, J., et al. (2024) · Science Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.scib.2024.09.016 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
HISTORY OF THE AUROCHS (BOS TAURUS PRIMIGENIUS) IN POLAND
Rokosz, M. (1995) · Animal Genetic Resources Information · doi:10.1017/s1014233900004582 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Hu, J., Westbury, M. V., Yuan, J., Zhang, Z., Chen, S., Xiao, B., Hou, X., Ji, H., Lai, X., Hofreiter, M., et al. (2021) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2020.2934 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationMitochondrial genomes of Late Pleistocene caballine horses from China belong to a separate clade
Yuan, J., Sheng, G., Preick, M., Sun, B., Hou, X., Chen, S., Taron, U. H., Barlow, A., Wang, L., Hu, J., et al. (2020) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106691 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationErven, J. A. M., Scheu, A., Verdugo, M. P., Cassidy, L. M., Chen, N., Gehlen, B., Street, M., Madsen, O., & Mullin, V. E. (2024) · Molecular Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/molbev/msae076 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Evidence of hybridization of cattle and aurochs on the Tibetan Plateau ∼3750 years ago
Chen, S., Ren, L., Gao, Y., Dong, G., Sheng, G., Han, J., Liu, X., Chen, N., & Chen, F. (2024) · 中国科学通报：英文版 · doi:10.1016/j.scib.2024.06.035 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Leng, C., Tang, Z., Zhang, W., Jie, D., Wang, H., Gao, G., Li, D., Li, N., Wang, J., Shi, J., et al. (2018) · Quaternary International · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2018.11.029 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Genome sequencing and de novo and reference-based genome assemblies of Bos indicus breeds
Chakraborty, A., Bisht, M. S., Saxena, R., Mahajan, S., Pulikkan, J., & Sharma, V. K. (2023) · Genes & Genomics · doi:10.1007/s13258-023-01401-w · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Gurke, M., Vidal-Gorosquieta, A., Pajimans, J. L. A., Wȩcek, K., Barlow, A., Fortes, G. G., Hartmann, S. A., Grandal‐d'Anglade, A., & Hofreiter, M. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249537 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationHu, J., Westbury, M. V., Yuan, J., Wang, C., Xiao, B., Chen, S., Song, S., Wang, L., Lin, H., Lai, X., et al. (2022) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2022.0617 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationOnar, V., Soubrier, J., Toker, N. Y., van Loenen, A. L., Llamas, B., Siddiq, A. B., Pasicka, E., & Tokarska, M. (2016) · Mammal Research · doi:10.1007/s13364-016-0299-4 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Zhang, N., Liang, Q., Shao, X., Guo, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Zhang, W., Ning, C., & Cai, D. (2023) · Journal of Archaeological Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.104136 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Relationships of Late Pleistocene giant deer as revealed by Sinomegaceros mitogenomes from East Asia
Xiao, B., Rey‐Iglesia, A., Yuan, J., Hu, J., Song, S., Hou, Y., Chen, X., Germonpré, M., Lei, B., Wang, S., et al. (2023) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.108406 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationThe genomic legacy of aurochs hybridisation in ancient and modern Iberian cattlePreprint
Günther, T., Chisausky, J., Galindo-Pellicena, M. Á., Iriarte, E., Cortés, O., Eusebi, P. G., García‐González, R., Ureña, I., Moreno, M., Ruiz, A. A., et al. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.1101/2023.07.19.548914 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Yuan, J., Sun, G., Xiao, B., Hu, J., Wang, L., Taogetongqimuge, Bao, L., Hou, Y., Song, S., Jiang, S., et al. (2023) · BMC Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1186/s12862-023-02168-0 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationPaleogenomes Reveal a Complex Evolutionary History of Late Pleistocene Bison in Northeastern China
Hou, X., Zhao, J., Zhang, H., Preick, M., Hu, J., Xiao, B., Wang, L., Deng, M.-X., Liu, S., Chang, F., et al. (2022) · Genes · doi:10.3390/genes13101684 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationArya, M., Ghosh, A., Tyagi, K., Tyagi, I., Bisht, S. S., & Kumar, V. (2024) · Biochemical Genetics · doi:10.1007/s10528-024-10691-y · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Complete mitochondrial genome of Trinket cattle, a Danish colonial leftover
De, A. K., Muthiyan, R., George, Z. M., Ponraj, P., Malakar, D., Kundu, A., Sunder, J., & Bhattacharya, D. (2019) · Mitochondrial DNA Part B · doi:10.1080/23802359.2019.1618208 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Beierkuhnlein, C. (2015) · Frontiers of Biogeography · doi:10.21425/f57321527 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- [2]Helmer D. Gourichon L. Monchot H. Peters J. Segui M.S. Identifying Early Domestic Cattle from Pre-Pottery Neolithic Sites on the Middle Euphrates Using Sexual Dimorphism Vigne J.-D. Peters J. Helmer D. Oxbow Books Oxford, UK 2005
- [4]Zhang N.F. Cai D.W. Review on the historical geographical distribution and ancient DNA research of Bos primigenius Res. China’s Front. Archaeol. 2021 297 327 (In Chinese)
- [5]Tong H.W. Chen X. Zhang B. Wang F.G. New fossils of Bos primigenius (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from Nihewan and Longhua of Hebei, China Vertebr. Palasiat. 2018 56 69 92 10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.170722 · DOI
- [12]Zhao X. Li Z.P. Dong X.L. Liu M. Tang J.Q. Zhang Y.J. Yuan J. Yang D.Y. Ancient DNA analysis of domesticated cattle from Xiaomintun site at Yinxu, Anyang, China Quat. Sci. 2020 40 321 330 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2020.02.03 · DOI
- [25]Paijmans J.L.A. Baleka S. Henneberger K. Taron U.H. Trinks A. Westbury M.V. Barlow A. Sequencing single-stranded libraries on the Illumina NextSeq 500 platform arXiv 2017 1711.11004
- [43]Liu K. Song Y.H. Yang F.C. Dai H.M. Xu J. Han X.M. Liang S. Palynological assemblages of Holocene typical black soil profile from northern Songnen Plain and its restricts to environmental evolution Geol. Bull. China 2023 42 2122 2131 10.12097/j.issn.1671-2552.2023.12.008 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Genomic Landscape of Cattle: Domestication, Dispersal, and Adaptive Evolution
Liu, Y., Dao, W., Gao, R., Fan, X., Yang, R., & Miao, Y. (2026) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani16050776 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cardinali, I., Tommasi, A., Villani, G., Migliore, N. R., Partel, E., Somenzi, E., Morabito, S., Osorio, A. M. C., Gerlando, R. D., Olivieri, A., et al. (2026) · Genetics Selection Evolution · doi:10.1186/s12711-026-01063-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Zhu, Y., Hou, X., Zhao, J., Xiao, B., Song, S., Zou, X., Liu, S., Hofreiter, M., & Lai, X.
- Affiliations
- China University of Geosciences (CN)
- Department of Scientific Research, Dalian Natural History Museum, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Potsdam (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hou, Xindong
- Venue
- Genes
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2025-05-27
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 639
- ISSN
- 2073-4425 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC12192085
- OpenAlex
- W4410813677
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2
- FWCI
- 1.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Genes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (41972001, 2016-2041)
- China Scholarship Council and DAAD (41972001, 2016-2041)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Forensic and Genetic Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Keywords
- aurochs, Bos primigenius, haplogroup C, mitochondrial genome, ancient DNA, Northeast China, phylogenetic classification, divergence time estimation, population dynamics, effective population size, Marine Isotope Stage 5, Marine Isotope Stage 3, extinction, Pleistocene
- MeSH terms
- DNA, Ancient, Animals, Cattle, China, DNA, Mitochondrial, Fossils, Haplotypes, Phylogeny, Genome, Mitochondrial
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
