The DOI matches its Crossref record; 116 of the 120 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Burnout, Compassion Fatigue, and Compassion Satisfaction in Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review of the Literature Published during the First Year of the Pandemic
Open accessAbstract
This literature review aimed to determine the level of burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction, as well as their associated risks and protective factors, in healthcare professionals during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We reviewed 2858 records obtained from the CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, and finally included 76 in this review. The main results we found showed an increase in the rate of burnout, dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and compassion fatigue; a reduction in personal accomplishment; and levels of compassion satisfaction similar to those before the pandemic. The main risk factors associated with burnout were anxiety, depression, and insomnia, along with some sociodemographic variables such as being a woman or a nurse or working directly with COVID-19 patients. Comparable results were found for compassion fatigue, but information regarding compassion satisfaction was lacking. The main protective factors were resilience and social support.
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“This burden appears to have peaked during the most demanding periods of the COVID-19 pandemic”
From What do we really know about addressing burnout among healthcare workers? Maybe less than we think (2026) · cites this paper as [7]
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“although burnout in the healthcare field was already a long-standing issue before the pandemic.6,7”
From What do we really know about addressing burnout among healthcare workers? Maybe less than we think (2026) · cites this paper as [7]
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“A systematic review of research published in the first year of the pandemic found evidence for increased levels of burnout, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and compassion fatigue among health care workers, with nurses, women and those working directly with COVID‐19 patients most impacted.”
From 2024 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures (2024) · cites this paper as [820]
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1 retracted
Panagioti, M., Geraghty, K., Johnson, J., Zhou, A. Y., Panagopoulou, E. P., Chew-Graham, C. A., Peters, D. H., Hodkinson, A., Riley, R. A., & Esmail, A. (2018) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.3713 · Cited by 1,059
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“Although several systematic reviews have recently been published on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare professionals [4,30,31], very few of them specifically included dimensions of professional quality of life such as burnout [32–35], only one considered indirect trauma [36] and, to…”
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Mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic
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“Among several potentially harmful factors for the health of professionals, some authors have highlighted the lack of access to adequate protective equipment [1], exhaustion resulting from wearing personal protective equipment throughout the working day, the feeling of having inadequate support [2,3], long working hour…”
BackgroundCOVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature
Rajkumar, R. P. (2020) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066 · Cited by 3,574 · cited 2×
“Among several potentially harmful factors for the health of professionals, some authors have highlighted the lack of access to adequate protective equipment [1], exhaustion resulting from wearing personal protective equipment throughout the working day, the feeling of having inadequate support [2,3], long working hour…”
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“Indeed, the first two risk factors have already been recorded elsewhere in the literature [111,119].”
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Background
Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Cited by
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“…in studies of hospital staff caring for COVID-19 patients, which found that the pandemic circumstances created higher levels of depersonalisation and compassion fatigue, 35 and the requirement for PPE impeded the ability to express the body language and facial expressions that create empathy.”
Singh, S., Polavarapu, M., & Arsene, C. (2025) · Medical Science Educator · doi:10.1007/s40670-025-02354-3 · Cited by 3
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“…practitioners experienced more burnout, compassion fatigue, and vicarious traumatization as a result of working during the pandemic, with trainees, younger clinicians, and those with less experience being more vulnerable (Aafjes-Van Doorn et al., 2020; Lluch et al., 2022; Schneider et al., 2021).”
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Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Vocational Well-Being of Women in Counseling Psychology
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What do we really know about addressing burnout among healthcare workers? Maybe less than we think
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SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM PROFISSIONAIS QUE ATUAM NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA NO SUS
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lluch, C., Galiana, L., Doménech, P., & Sansó, N.
- Affiliations
- Universitat de València (ES)
- Valencian International University (ES)
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Sansó, Noemí
- Venue
- Healthcare
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-02-13
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 364
- ISSN
- 2227-9032 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8872521
- OpenAlex
- W4213375660
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 120
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 79 · 2023: 76 · 2022: 40
- FWCI
- 10.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Healthcare (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository of Digital Objects for Teaching Research and Culture (University of Valencia) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science and Innovation / State Research Agency /FEDER (RTI2018-094089-I00)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, burnout, compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, healthcare workers, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, risk factors, protective factors, resilience, social support, anxiety, depression, insomnia, nurses
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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