Comparison of Acute Irisin and Cognitive Responses to Different Exercise Modalities Among Late Adolescents
Open accessAbstract
Background/Objectives: Exercise supports physical and cognitive health through neurotrophin-mediated pathways, with irisin playing a key role in neuroprotection and synaptic plasticity. As adolescence represents a period of heightened neuroplasticity and metabolic adaptation, determining how different exercise modalities influence neurotrophic and cognitive responses is critical for health promotion in youth. This study aimed to compare the acute effects of low-intensity continuous training (LICT), short-interval high-intensity interval training (SI-HIIT), and long-interval HIIT (LI-HIIT) on circulating irisin levels and executive function in healthy late adolescent males. Methods: Eleven participants completed all conditions in a randomized crossover design with a 7-day washout. Venous blood samples and the Trail-Making Test, Parts A and B (TMT-A, TMT-B) were assessed pre- and postexercise, with continuous heart rate monitoring. Results: Post-exercise irisin levels were significantly greater in both HIIT protocols (SI-HIIT, p < 0.001; LI-HIIT, p < 0.038) than in the LICT protocol. Only the SI-HIIT group presented significantly shorter TMT-A (vs. LICT, p < 0.001; vs. LI-HIIT, p = 0.016) and TMT-B (vs. LICT, p < 0.001; vs. LI-HIIT, p < 0.001) completion times post-exercise. Conclusions: A single HIIT session elicited greater increases in circulating irisin and executive function compared with LICT. These findings highlight exercise intensity and interval structure as key factors for enhancing neurocognitive health, offering valuable insight for developing early-life training strategies to promote brain health.
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Different exercise modalities, including resistance training, aerobic exercise, and HIIT, can induce characteristic myokine secretion profiles that influence metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes through distinct signaling pathways.
“Different exercise modalities, including resistance training, aerobic exercise, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), can induce characteristic myokine secretion profiles [10,11], which in turn influence metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes through distinct signaling pathways.”
From Exercise-Induced Myokines in Obesity-Related Metabolic Disorders and Cardiovascular Protection: A Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as [11]
The Discussion (page not supplied) reports that both HIIT protocols increased circulating irisin more than low-intensity continuous training, supporting modality-dependent secretion of one myokine. It does not establish characteristic profiles of multiple myokines across resistance, aerobic, and HIIT exercise; it notes a report of no significant irisin change after strength or aerobic endurance exercise. The citation is attached to the secretion-profile clause, not the subsequent outcomes clause. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Zhang, Y., & Qiu, Y. (2026) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports14050212 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Birinci, Y. Z., & Pancar, S.
- Affiliations
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa 16059, Türkiye
- Aksaray University (TR)
- Venue
- Healthcare
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2025-12-10
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 3242
- ISSN
- 2227-9032 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC12732452
- OpenAlex
- W4417226439
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1
- FWCI
- 0.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Healthcare (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- irisin, high-intensity interval training, executive function, cognitive performance, neurotrophins, neuroplasticity, late adolescence, exercise intensity, interval structure, Trail Making Test, brain health
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