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Cited by 63Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsUrban Green Space and HealthWorkplace Health and Well-being

Nature and Mindfulness to Cope with Work-Related Stress: A Narrative Review

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Menardo, Elisa, Di Marco, Donatella, Ramos, Sara, Brondino, Margherita, Arenas, Alicia, Costa, Patricia, Vaz de Carvalho, Carlos, Pasini, Margherita·2022·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
DOI 10.3390/ijerph19105948PMC PMC9140663
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Abstract

In recent years, work-related stress has grown exponentially and the negative impact that this condition has on people’s health is considerable. The effects of work-related stress can be distinguished in those that affect workers (e.g., depression and anxiety) and those that affect the company (e.g., absenteeism and productivity). It is possible to distinguish two types of prevention interventions. Individual interventions aim at promoting coping and individual resilience strategies with the aim of modifying cognitive assessments of the potential stressor, thus reducing its negative impact on health. Mindfulness techniques have been found to be effective stress management tools that are also useful in dealing with stressful events in the workplace. Organizational interventions modify the risk factors connected to the context and content of the work. It was found that a restorative workplace (i.e., with natural elements) reduces stress and fatigue, improving work performance. Furthermore, practicing mindfulness in nature helps to improve the feeling of wellbeing and to relieve stress. In this paper, we review the role of mindfulness-based practices and of contact with nature in coping with stressful situations at work, and we propose a model of coping with work-related stress by using mindfulness in nature-based practices.

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  • Increased exposure to natural environments may play a role in restoring neuroendocrine homeostasis.

    “Similarly, increased exposure to natural environments appears to lower cortisol levels and improve mental health outcomes, suggesting a potential role in restoring neuroendocrine homeostasis [87].”

    From Chronic Stress and Autoimmunity: The Role of HPA Axis and Cortisol Dysregulation (2025) · cites this paper as [87]

    Section 3 (Nature and Work-Related Stress; page unavailable) reports that nature exposure can reduce stress symptoms and improve mood, but describes evidence for physiological stress recovery as more equivocal. Section 4 (Mindfulness and Work-Related Stress; page unavailable) associates lower cortisol with mindfulness, not nature exposure. The review therefore supports the mental-health and stress-reduction part of the citing sentence, but not its specific suggestion that nature exposure lowers cortisol and restores neuroendocrine homeostasis. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Mindfulness and nature-based interventions reduce work-related stress and promote psychological resilience.

    “Evidence supports the role of mindfulness and nature-based interventions in reducing work-related stress and promoting psychological resilience.”

    From Chronic Stress and Autoimmunity: The Role of HPA Axis and Cortisol Dysregulation (2025) · cites this paper as [87]

    The Abstract and §3 describe mindfulness as a workplace stress-management tool and natural elements as reducing stress; the Abstract also frames individual interventions as promoting coping and resilience strategies. But §5 states that no study had tested a combined mindfulness-in-nature intervention for work-related stress, and §6 presents that approach as a hypothetical model. The paper therefore does not establish that the combined intervention reduces work-related stress or promotes psychological resilience. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Mindfulness-based practices enhance emotional regulation and downregulate physiological stress responses, contributing to better HPA axis balance and overall well-being.

    “Mindfulness-based practices, in particular, have been shown to enhance emotional regulation and downregulate physiological stress responses, contributing to better HPA axis balance and overall well-being [87].”

    From Chronic Stress and Autoimmunity: The Role of HPA Axis and Cortisol Dysregulation (2025) · cites this paper as [87]

    Section 4 reports reduced stress reactivity, lower cortisol levels, faster recovery toward baseline, and improved well-being. However, it reports a non-significant effect on emotional regulation in the cited meta-analysis and does not establish improved HPA-axis balance. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Increased exposure to natural environments lowers cortisol levels and improves mental health outcomes.

    “Similarly, increased exposure to natural environments appears to lower cortisol levels and improve mental health outcomes, suggesting a potential role in restoring neuroendocrine homeostasis [87].”

    From Chronic Stress and Autoimmunity: The Role of HPA Axis and Cortisol Dysregulation (2025) · cites this paper as [87]

    Section 3 (Nature and Work-Related Stress; page unavailable) reports mental-health benefits from exposure to nature, including reduced negative mood and increased positive emotions. The copy mentions lower cortisol levels in Section 4 (Mindfulness and Work-Related Stress; page unavailable), but attributes that effect to mindfulness rather than increased exposure to natural environments. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Menardo, E., Di Marco, D., Ramos, S., Brondino, M., Arenas, A., Costa, P., Vaz de Carvalho, C., & Pasini, M.
Affiliations
  • University of Verona (IT)
  • Department of Social Psychology, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Seville, Spain
  • Iscte – Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (PT)
  • Universidad de Sevilla (ES)
  • Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal
  • GILT—School of Engineering of the Porto Polytechnic, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
Corresponding author
Menardo, Elisa
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-05-13
Volume
19
Issue
10
Pages
5948
ISSN
1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijerph19105948
PMC
PMC9140663
OpenAlex
W4280518835
Cited by
63
References
22
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 1
FWCI
1.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • Deposito de Investigacion Universidad de Sevilla (University of Seville) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Repositório do ISCTE-IUL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
European Commission (Erasmus+ program) (2020-1-IT01-KA202-008584)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
Keywords
occupational stress, mindfulness, nature exposure, coping strategies, stress management, restorative environments, employee well-being, fatigue, absenteeism, organizational interventions, personal resilience, nature-based interventions
MeSH terms
Occupational Stress, Adaptation, Psychological, Humans, Stress, Psychological, Workplace, Mindfulness

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