Mental Health Burden of the Russian–Ukrainian War 2022 (RUW-22): Anxiety and Depression Levels among Young Adults in Central Europe
Open accessAbstract
Armed conflicts are public health emergencies that affect human lives at multiple levels. The mental health of adolescents and young adults is at high risk during crisis settings; therefore, this cross-sectional survey-based study aimed to evaluate anxiety and depressive symptoms among university students in the Czech Republic following the Russian-Ukrainian war of 2022 (RUW-22). The study used standardized screening instruments; the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) for anxiety and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression. Of 591 students who participated in this study, 67.7% were females, 68.2% held Czech citizenship, and 63.8% were enrolled in medical or healthcare programs. The participants were highly concerned about the RUW-22 news, with a mean score of 7.17 ± 2.50 (0–10). While 34% and 40.7% of the participants in this study manifested moderate to severe levels of anxiety and depression, respectively, the mental health burden of the RUW-22 was confirmed by the positive correlation between “feeling concerned”, GAD-7 (ρ = 0.454), and PHQ-9 (ρ = 0.326). Female gender, higher frequency of news following, and social media use were associated with higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms; thus, proposing them to be risk factors for psychological disorders following the RUW-22.
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War-related uncertainty, particularly media-induced exposure to conflict, has significantly augmented levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress in Czech, Slovak, German, Polish, Italian, and even Taiwanese populations.
“Recent research highlights that war-related uncertainty, particularly media-induced exposure to conflict, has significantly augmented levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress in Czech, Slovak, German, Polish, Italian, and even Taiwanese populations [55,81-83].”
From Impact of Media-Induced Uncertainty on Mental Health: Narrative-Based Perspective. (2025) · cites this paper as [83]
The Conclusions report that, among Czech university students, war-news following and social media use were associated with higher anxiety and depressive symptoms. The Discussion also reports greater war-related concern among Slovak students, and the Introduction cites high anxiety in Germany and Poland. The paper does not establish that media exposure caused increases in these symptoms, or document media-related stress or PTSD across the named populations; it does not address Italian or Taiwanese populations. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- Riad, A., Drobov, A., Krobot, M., Antalová, N., Alkasaby, M. A., Peřina, A., & Koščík, M.
- Affiliations
- Masaryk University (CZ)
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Riad, Abanoub
- Koščík, Michal
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-07-09
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 8418
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9318466
- OpenAlex
- W4285005317
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 8
- FWCI
- 25.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Veřejné služby Informačního systému (Masarykiana Brunensis Universitas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- NPO “Systemic Risk Institute” (LX22NPO5101, MUNI/A/1402/2021, MUNI/IGA/1104/2021)
- Masaryk University (LX22NPO5101, MUNI/A/1402/2021, MUNI/IGA/1104/2021)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Keywords
- war-related mental health, anxiety, depression, university students, young adults, news consumption, social media use, gender differences, risk factors, armed conflict, Czech Republic
- MeSH terms
- Armed Conflicts, Adolescent, Anxiety, Anxiety Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Young Adult
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